NCERT Chapter Notes Class X Science Light – Reflection and Refraction 3

The ray diagrams given in NCERT Books are also good to be followed.


Image formation by Convex Mirror


Uses of Concave Mirror

1. Used in torches, search light and headlight of vehicle.

2. Used to see large image of face as shaving mirror

3. Used by dentist to see large images of the teeth

4. Large concave mirror used to focus sunlight (heat) in solar furnaces.

Uses of Convex Mirror

1. Used as rear-view mirror in vehicles because it gives erect image. It also helps the driver to view large area.

Sign Convention for Reflection by Spherical Mirror

1. The object is always placed to the left side of mirror.

2. All distance should be measured from pole (P); parallel to principal axis.

3. Take ‘P’ as origin. Distances measured

Right of the origin (+x-Axis) are taken positive

Left of the origin (–x-Axis) are taken negative

Perpendicular to and above principal axis (+y-Axis) are taken positive

Perpendicular to and below principal axis (–y-Axis) are taken negative

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