St. Joseph’s College of Commerce II Sem Business And Company Law Question Paper PDF Download

REG NO:

ST. JOSEPH’S COLLEGE OF COMMERCE (AUTONOMOUS)

END SEMESTER EXAMINATION – MARCH/APRIL 2016
B.COM(T. T.) – II SEMESTER
C2 15 mc 202: BUSINESS AND COMPANY LAW
Duration: 3 Hours                                                                                             Max. Marks: 100
SECTION – A
I) Answer ALL the questions.  Each carries 2 marks.                                        (10×2=20)
  1. “Ignorantia juris non excusat”.  Explain this phrase with a suitable example.
  2. X tells Y, “I will sell my car to you”. X owns 4 different types of cars. Is the offer valid? Explain with regard to the provisions of an offer.
  3. What is an Injunction?
  4. Explain the term “Obiter dictum”.
  5. Define a complainant as per the Consumer Protection Act, 1986.
  6. Explain Statement in Lieu of a Prospectus.
  7. Name any two kinds of agents.
  8. State any two objectives of FEMA.
  9. According to Mr. Z, Misrepresentation and Fraud are synonymous. You are required to prove him wrong.
  10. Write down the scope of Cyber laws.
SECTION – B
II) Answer any FOUR questions.  Each carries 5 marks.                                      (4×5=20)
  11. Explain the methods of Creation of Agency.
  12. ‘An agreement with minor is void-ab-initio’. Explain the law relating to contracts with minor.
  13. Mr. Ashok wants to deal with Foreign Exchange for a living. He came to India in 2001 after a brief period in a foreign country. He is aware about FERA and has no idea about FEMA. He appoints you for legal assistance. You are required to help him with the differences between the two.
  14. How are shares different from debentures? Explain any four types of debentures.
  15. Explain the various clauses of MOA.
  16. A entered into a contract with B for the supply of 600 tons of coal to B within 6 months. A failed to make the delivery in accordance with the terms of the contract owing to government restrictions on transport of coal from collieries. But the coal was available and could be purchased in the local market.

Can A successfully plead that the contract stood discharged because of impossibility of performance?

SECTION – C
III) Answer any THREE questions.  Each carries 15 marks.                                (3×15=45)                                                                                                 
  17. Explain the different types of meetings to be held by a company.
  18. State the jurisdiction, powers and procedure and settlement of consumer disputes by National Commission.
  19. Explain with necessary case laws the essentials of a valid contract.
  20. Explain what are the remedies available to an aggrieved party on the breach of contract.
  21. Explain briefly the steps involved in formation of a company.
 

SECTION – D

IV) Case Study – Compulsory question.                                                                (1×15=15)                                                                                          
  22. Read the cases (any 3) mentioned below and answer the question that follows by not only quoting the respective law but by also explaining the same.

 

a)      A writes to B, “at the risk of your own life, you saved me from a serious motor accident.  I promise to pay you Rs.1,000/-. “A does not pay.  Advice B as to his legal rights.

b)     A, a minor, borrows Rs.2,000/- from B and executes a promissory note for the amount in favour of B.  On his attaining majority, the minor executes another promissory note in lieu of the first which is then cancelled.  Is the second promissory note valid? Elaborate.

c)      G pays Rs.500 to A, a civil servant employed in a Government department, in consideration of A’s promise that a Government contract which is at the disposal of his department will be placed with G.  Before this can be done, A is transferred to another department.  G now wishes to reclaim from A Rs.500/- paid to him.  Will G succeed, Justify.

d)     A, a merchant of Agra, made a contract to dispatch 100 quintals of gur to B at Delhi at a certain price and B paid Rs.500 as earnest money.  None of the parties knew that the Government had, sometimes previously, passed a law prohibiting transport of gur from one State to another.  A was unable, by reason of this law to send the gur. B claims damages for non – performance as well as refund of the earnest money.  Is he entitled to these remedies?

e)       A lady who knew that she was allergic to a particular hair dye developed dermatitis as a result of having her hair dyed with that substance. She did not disclose her allergy to the hair dresser. Is the hair dresser liable for breach of implied condition?

 

 

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St. Joseph’s College of Commerce B.Com. 2016 II Sem Business And Company Law Question Paper PDF Download

REG NO:

ST. JOSEPH’S COLLEGE OF COMMERCE (AUTONOMOUS)

END SEMESTER EXAMINATION – MARCH/APRIL 2016
B.COM(BPM)  – II SEMESTER
C3 15AR203:: BUSINESS AND COMPANY LAW
Duration: 3 Hours                                                                                             Max. Marks: 100
SECTION – A
I) Answer ALL the questions.  Each carries 2 marks.                                        (10×2=20)
  1. Explain the term ‘Ratio Decidendi’.
  2. What is Consensus ad idem?
  3. Who is the Chief Justice of India?
  4. What are the different types of Courts in India?
  5. What is Novation?
  6. Explain ‘Doctrine of Frustration’.
  7. What is a Share Capital?
  8. Define ‘Consumer’ under COPRA.
  9. What do you mean by ‘Repatriate to India’?
  10. Mention two objectives of FEMA.
 

SECTION – B

II) Answer any FOUR questions.  Each carries 5 marks.                                      (4×5=20)
  11. What are the agreements, which are opposed to Public Policy?
  12. Explain in brief, the Classification of Agency.
  13. Mention some of the Characteristics of a Company.
  14. What are the differences between MOA and AOA?
  15. What is the procedure involved in appointing an Auditor?
  16. Write a short note on Consumer Protection Council.
 

SECTION – C

III) Answer any THREE questions.  Each carries 15 marks.                                (3×15=45)                                                                                                
  17. What are different classification/ Types of a contracts according to the Indian Contract Act?
  18. What is ‘Free Consent’? Explain all the sections which come under the Free Consent.
  19. What are different ways of Terminating an Agency?
  20. Explain in detail the different Types of Meetings
  21. What is Cyber Law? What are the elements which are included in the Cyber Laws? What is the need of Cyber Laws in today’s context?
 

 

 

 

SECTION – D

IV) Case Study – Compulsory question.                                                                (1×15=15)                                                                                           
  22. a. Sagar went to Rajeeev, a chemist, and demanded a hot water bottle from him. Rajeev gave a bottle to him telling that it was meant for hot water, but not boiling water. After a few days, while using this bottle, Sagar’s wife got injured as the bottle burst out. It was found that the bottle was not fit to be used as hot water bottle. Advise Sagar.

 

b. Darran offers and Amala accepts Rs. 5000/- for a stack of firewood standing on Amala’s premises, the firewood to be allowed to remain at Amala’s place till a certain date and not to be taken away till paid for. Before payment, and while the firewood is at Amala’s premises, it is accidentally destroyed by fire. Who must bear the loss?

 

c. Anil sold to Bhuvan some quantity of spirit made from molasses. One-third of the quantity sold was delivered and for rest of the quantity Bhuvan was pressing Anil for immediate delivery. But Anil delayed it. In the meantime, an act of the Parliament was passed which prohibited the distillation of spirit from molasses and annulled all the contracts for the sale of such spirit. How will you solve this case?

 

d. Ranjan having a quantity of Sugar in bulk, more than sufficient to fill 20 hogsheads, contracts to sell to Gagan 20 hogsheads of it. After the contract, Ranjan fills 20 hogsheads with the sugar, and gives notice to Gagan that hogsheads are ready and requires him to take them away. Gagan says he will take them as soon as he can. By this appropriation, has the property in the sugar passes to Gagan?

 

e. Arun, a minor hired a horse from Bhargav for riding under express instructions ‘not to jump’. He lent the horse to Arun, who killed the horse by making it to jump. Is Arun liable to pay Bhargav?

 

 

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B.COM(BPM)  – II SEMESTER
subject CODE & subject name: Business and compay law
Duration: 3 Hours                                                                                             Max. Marks: 100
SECTION – A
I) Answer ALL the questions.  Each carries 2 marks.                                        (10×2=20)
  1. Explain the term ‘Ratio Decidendi’.

Ratio decidendi (Latin plural rationes decidendi) is a Latin phrase meaning “the reason” or “the rationale for the decision”. The ratio decidendi is “the point in a case that determines the judgment” or “the principle that the case establishes”.

  2. What is Consensus ad idem?

Consensus ad idem: which implies, that the parties to the agreement must have agreed about the subject-matter of the agreement in the same sense and at the same time.  Unless there is consensus ad idem, there can be no contract. It is also called as ‘meeting of the  minds.’ when two parties to an agreement (contract) both have the same understanding of the terms  of  the agreement.

  3. Who is the chief justice of India?

T.S.Thakur

  4. What are the different types of courts in India?

District Court, High Court, Supreme Court.

  5. What is Novation?

When the new contract is substituted for existing one between the same parties. Or between one of the parties and the third party.

Novation should take place before the expiry period of the time of performance of the contract.

  6. Explain ‘Doctrine of Frustration’.

It comes into play when the common object of a contract can no longer be achieved or when the contract, after it is made, becomes impossible of performance due to circumstances beyond the control or contemplation of the parties.

  7. What is a Share Capital?

ü  Denotes the amount of capital raised by the issue of shares, by the company.

ü  Collected through the issue of shares and remains with the company till its liquidation

ü  It is the owned capital of the company

ü  The shareholders are the owners of the company

 

  8. Define ‘Consumer’ under COPRA

Consumer means, any person who,

Buys any goods for a consideration, which has been paid or promised or partly paid or partly promised, or under any differed payment.

Consumer also includes any user of such goods other than the buyer himself.

  9. What do you mean by ‘Repatriate to India’?

Means, bringing into India the realized foreign exchange and the selling of such foreign exchange to an authorized person in India in exchange for rupees.

  10. Mention two objective of FEMA

To facilitate external trade and payment

To promote of an ordinary maintenance of the foreign exchange market in India.

SECTION – B
II) Answer any FOUR questions.  Each carries 5 marks.                                      (4×5=20)
  11. What are the agreements, which are opposed to Public Policy?

  1. Agreements of trading with enemy
  2. Agreement to commit a crime
  3. Agreement to interfere with administration of justice
    1. Interference with the course of Justice
    2. Stifling prosecution
    3. Maintenance and Champerty
  4. Agreements in restraint of legal proceedings
    1. Agreements restricting enforcement of rights
    2. Agreements curtailing period of limitation

5. Trafficking in public offices and titles

6. Agreements tending to create interest opposed to duty

7. Agreement restraint of parental rights

8. Agreements restricting personal liberty

9. Agreements in restraint of marriage

10. Marriage brokerage or brokage agreements

11. Agreements interfering with marital duties

12. Agreements to defraud creditors or revenue authorities

13. Agreements in restraint of trade

 

  12. Explain in brief, the classification of Agency.

Ø  Classification based on the extent of their authority

•      General Agent

•      Special Agent

•      Universal Agent

Ø  Classification based on the nature of work performed by agents

•      Mercantile Agent

•      Factor

•      Broker

•      Commission agent

•      Del credere agent

•      Banker

•      Auctioneer

•      Non-Mercantile Agent

 

  13. Mention some of the Characteristics of a Company.

  1. An incorporated association
  2. An artificial person Created by Law
  3. Separate legal entity
  4. Perpetual succession
  5. Common seal
  6. Limited liability
  7. Transferability of shares
  8. Limitations of work
  9. Voluntary association for profit
  10. Representative management
  11. Termination of existence.

 

  14. What is the differences between MOA and AOA?

MOA:

•      It is a primary document

•      It is subordinate to the act

•      It is the charter of the company and defines the fundamental conditions and objects.

•      It defines the relation between the company and the outsiders

•      Acts which are ultra vires the Memorandum cannot be ratified by the members

•      Every company must have its own memorandum.

AOA:

•      It is a secondary document

•      It is subordinate to the act and the memorandum

•      It consists the rules and regulations

•      It defines the relation between the company and the members (internal)

•      Acts ultra-virus the Articles can be ratified by the members.

  15. What is the procedure involved in appointing an Auditor?

Appointment of Auditors (Clause 139)

Ø  First auditor to be appointed by Board within 30 days & if not done, then within 90 days in EGM, and with hold office till the conclusion of first AGM

Ø  Subsequent auditors to be appointed at conclusion of first AGM & shall hold office till conclusion of 6th AGM

Ø  Maximum Tenure- Not more than 1 Term of 5 years for individual & not more than 2 Terms of 5 years each for Audit firm. However appointment has to be ratified by members at every AGM

Ø  Prior written consent of auditors is required to be taken.

Ø  Company to file notice of auditors appointment with ROC within 15 days of the meeting.

 

  16. Write a short note on Consumer Protection Council

District CPC

State CPC

National CPC

 

SECTION – C
III) Answer any THREE questions.  Each carries 15 marks.                                (3×15=45)                                                                                                 
  17. What are different classification/ Types of a contracts according to the Indian Contract Act?

1. Validity

–     Voidable Contract

–     Void Agreement

–     Void Contract

–     Illegal Agreement

–     Unenforceable Contracts

2. Formation

–     Express Contracts

–     Implied Contracts

–     Quasi Contracts

–     E-commerce Contracts

3. Execution/Performance

–     Executed Contracts

–     Executory Contracts

–     Partly Executed partly Executory

4. Obligation

–     Unilateral

–     Bilateral

 

  18. What is ‘Free Consent’? Explain all the sections which come under the Free Consent.

•      Sec. 13th Consent

•      Sec. 14th Free Consent

•      Sec. 15th Coercion

•      Sec. 16th Undue Influence

•      Sec. 17th Fraud

•      Sec. 18th Misrepresentation

•      Sec. 19th Mistake, subject to the provisions of Sec. 20th , 21st, 22nd.

 

  19. What are different ways of Terminating an Agency?

  1. Termination by the act of the parties:
    1. Mutual agreement
    2. Revocation by principal
    3. Renunciation by agent
  2. Termination by operation of law:
    1. Completion of business
    2. Lapse of time
    3. Death or insanity
    4. Insolvency of the principal
    5. Destruction of the subject matter
    6. Principal or agent becomes alien enemy
    7. Dissolution of a company
    8. Change of law

 

  20. Explain in detail the different Types of Meetings.

Statutory Meeting:

Ø  Every company limited by shares or limited by guarantee and having a share capital share within a period of not less than one month and not more than six months from the date at which the company is entitled to commence business, hold a general meeting of the members of the company. Such a meeting shall be called the “Statutory Meeting” .

Ø  Held once during the life time of the company.

Ø  Notice of the Meeting: must be given at least 21 days before the meeting and must also specifically state that the meeting is the statutory meeting.

 

Annual General Meeting:

Ø  Meaning:  It is a Meeting of shareholders.

Ø  Who: Every company other than OPC.

Ø  When: The time limit for holding AGM is dependent on fulfilment of all the below conditions:

Ø  Each year one AGM; and

Ø  Time gap between the two meetings shall not exceed 15 months; and

Ø  Within six months from the close of the financial year

Ø  Extension of AGM: Registrar can grant extension of subsequent AGM on special reason for a period not extending 3 months.

 

Extra-ordinary Meeting:

Ø  It’s a meeting of Shareholders between two Annual General Meetings.

Ø  Place, day and time to hold EGM – same as AGM, if EGM is called by place requisitionists (Rule 17). However, in any case EGM shall be held at a place within India (Explanation to Rule 18).

Ø  It can requisitioned (called) by:

Ø  Shareholders/ requisitionists

Ø  Board of Directors

Ø  CLB/ NCLT (Company Law Board/ National Company Law Tribunal)

Ø  Minimum numbers of requisitionists who are entitled are the members holding at least 1/10th of total paid-up capital (in case of company with share capital) or 1/10th voting power (in case of company without share capital).

 

  21. What is Cyber Law? What are the elements which are included in the Cyber Laws? What is the need of Cyber Laws in today’s context?

Cyber law is a system of law and regulation for the cyber space. Simply speaking cyber law is a generic term which refers to all the legal and regulatory aspects of internet and the world wide web.

 

Cyber law encompasses laws relating to:

Ø  Cyber Crimes

Ø  Electronic and digital Signatures

Ø  Intellectual Property

Ø  Data protection and Privacy

Need:

Ø  Internet has dramatically changed the way we think, the way we govern, the way we do commerce and the way we perceive ourselves.

Ø  IT is encompassing all walks of life all over the world.

Ø  Cyber space creates moral, civil and criminal wrongs. It has now given a new way to express criminal tendencies.

 

SECTION – D
IV) Case Study – Compulsory question.                                                                (1×15=15)                                                                                           
  22. 1. It is not necessary that the purpose should be expressed in words only. If the goods to be supplied can be used for one purpose only, it is implied that the seller had knowledge about the purpose for which the buyer needs the goods.

It is the case for implied condition. (Condition as to fitness of quality).

 

2. Here Darran must bear the loss because the property in the goods has already been passed to him with the acceptance of Darran’s offer by Amala.

 

3.  The court held that the seller was liable to pay damages to the buyer as he had failed to deliver the goods sold within a reasonable time.

 

4.  Yes. By this appropriation by Ranjan, and assent by Gagan, the property in the sugar passes to Gagan.

 

5. Here, Arun’s wrongful act of unauthorized lending the horse is independent of contract. Thus A was liable to pay the damages to Bhargav.

 

 

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