CBSE Class 4 Science:
CBSE Class 4 Science covers the following topics such as
- Plant life and animals
- Human body
- Food and nutrition
- Clothes, safety and first aid
- Our environment and our universe
- Our family
- Our society
- Force, work and energy
These are the various topics that are covered in the CBSE Class 4 Science stream. Let us check these topics in detail below. Note that these topics are not given in the form of sequential chapters.
- Plant life and animals:
Any plant consists of roots, stems, leaves and may produce fruits or vegetables. Any green leaves of the plants prepare their own food with the help of the process called as photosynthesis. Roots absorb water and other important minerals from the soil. Stem helps in carrying this minerals and water absorbed by the roots to the various parts of the plant. Not only that, they also help in carrying food from the leaves to the other parts of the plants. It stores excess food and gives support to the plant.
The sub topics which are covered under this are adaptation, making food by plants, uses of plants, dispersal of seeds and parts of the plants. Similarly, every animal has unique characteristic and feature. Every animal is different and may have different organs such as long or short tail, with or without horns, lengthy ears, color and pattern, etc all differ from one animal to another.
For example, rabbits or bunnies have long ears whereas we cannot see ears in the birds such as parrots or crows, etc. Animals like tigers, zebra, and giraffe have specific pattern and color in the skin tones and every animal varies greatly in shape and size. Thus, the sub topics which are covered under this are birds, useful animals for the environment, adaptations and reproduction in animals, etc.,
Examples:
- ______ Plants grow along the ground.
Answer: Creepers
- Small and bushy plants are called as _____
Answer: Shrubs
- ______ animals are kept in man-made home
Answer: Domestic
- Which is the fast running bird?
Answer: Ostrich
- Which are teeth less animals?
Answer: Birds
- Human body:
Human body is a combination of different organs which are responsible to do their own functions independently. Because of these organs, humans are able to do their daily activities without any problem.
The important organ systems in our human body are:
- Digestive system:
Human digestive system is a series of organs which are responsible for converting the foods consumed into essential nutrients that are absorbed into the body and eliminates unused waste materials. Only if digestive system of a human body functions properly, the foods consumed will be converted into essential nutrients and wastes are properly released.
- Circulatory system:
Circulatory system is a network with number of organs and vessels that are responsible for carrying blood through cells, segregation of hormones, passing oxygen and other important gases to and from the cells, etc. Without circulatory system the body will fail to fight against the diseases and human body becomes more vulnerable to any kind of diseases.
- Respiratory system:
This is an important system in the human body which is responsible for inhaling oxygen and exhaling out carbon dioxide. The primary and most important organ of an respiratory system are lungs which are responsible for this exchange of gases as we breathe.
- Excretory system:
Excretory system is a system of organs which eliminates wastes out from our body. This is also an important function in the human body without which a human being cannot be healthy.
Examples:
- Sense organs are controlled by _______System in the human body.
Answer: Nervous
- I absorb the nutrients from the food and pass it to your bloodstream. What am i?
Answer: Small intestine
- Food and nutrition:
Food is the basic necessity for all living beings. Healthy food which is rich in minerals, vitamins, calcium, and carbohydrate is necessary for any human being or animals to build up energy and fight against diseases.
Examples:
- A common mineral used in our foods are ______
Answer: salt
- Cereals are ____ of the plants:
Answer: Seeds
- Clothes , safety and first aid:
Clothing is also a basic necessity for any human being for the survival of life. There are different types of clothes like wool, cotton, silk, fur, etc which are either made from natural plants or from animals. Clothes like wool and fur protect our body from heat whereas clothes like cotton keeps us cool during summer. Safety and first aid chapter deals with the important first aid tips to be followed during any emergency cases. These first aid tips are really helpful to save someone’s life in danger.
For example, if someone is unconscious and not able to breathe, the first aid tips are as follows:
- Check breathing by tilting their head backwards and look and feel their breaths.
- Push firmly downwards in the middle of the chest and then release
- Push at the regular rates until any other help arise
- If this not helps, call for ambulance immediately.
Examples:
- A crack or break in the bone is called as _______
Answer: Fracture
- A dog bite may cause ________ disease
Answer: Rabies
- Our Environment and Our Universe:
Plants and animals are very important for human survival. Thus, a human being should understand that cutting the trees and killing the animals may harm his own life. It also important to keep our environment clean without any types of pollutions such as air pollution, water pollution and noise pollution.
How to reduce air pollution?
- Stop destroying trees in your neighborhood
- Reduce the usage of aerosols in your home
- Use only unleaded petrol
How to reduce noise pollution?
- Construction of soundproof rooms for the noisy machines must be encouraged.
- Use of horns, jarring sounds and motorbikes with damaged pipes must be banned
- Noise producing industries must be built far away from the living areas.
How to reduce water pollution?
- Industrial waste should not be allowed to be mixed in the rivers, lakes or ponds.
- Use minimum amount of detergent while washing your clothes or vessels.
- Avoid using toilet as a dust bin. Dispose solid wastes separately in a dust bin.
Our Universe:
Just like “Our Environment” it is necessary to know about our universe too. Our Universe comprises of solar system and planets. Solar system is made up of sun and all small objects revolve around it. Totally there are 9 planets such as Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
Thus this topic covers the solar system and detailed description of nine planets.
Examples:
- Planet that is neared to the sun ____
Answer: Mercury
- Name any two diseases that are caused by food spoilage
Answer: Diarrhea and stomach ache
- Our family:
As the name suggest, the chapter explains the importance of each of the family members and the relationship with you. A typical family tree is drawn to pictorially represent the relationships between the family members.
Examples:
- What is called as an extended family?
Answer: Any family which includes close relatives, grandparents, and cousins often living within close proximity or in same house is called as extended family.
- Why a small family is called as nuclear family?
Answer: Nucleus means a centre around which others collect. Thus, a small family with two individuals (Father and mother) with their offspring is said to be a nuclear family.
- Our Society:
Just like knowing about “our Family” It is important to understand about “Our Society”. Students must be aware of the current news and happenings in our surroundings, their effects and changes in the society and so on.
Examples:
- What are local self governments?
Answer: It includes panchayat in village, municipality in towns and small cities and Municipal Corporation in big cities.
- India is _________ country.
Answer: Democratic
- Force, work and energy:
This chapter covers the topics such as Force, types of forces, work, types of energy, etc. Work can be defined as activity involving mental or physical effort which is done in order to achieve the result. Energy can be defined as a strength or vitality required for sustained physical activity. There are different types of energies such as Kinetic energy, potential energy and mechanical energy. Force is a physical push or pulls acting on an object. There are different types of forces such as Gravitational force, electrical force, magnetic force, frictional force, etc.,
Examples:
- Define force:
Answer: Push and pull on an object is called as force
- What are fuels?
Answer: Wood, coal, petroleum, vegetable oils and animal fat are called as fuels.
- _____ is the ability to do work
Answer: Energy
Above are the topics covered in the CBSE Class 4 Science stream.