CBSE Class 5 Science:
CBSE Class 5 science syllabus covers the following topics such as
- Living and non-living things
- Reproduction in plants
- Animals
- Human body
- Food
- Health and hygiene
- Safety and first aid
- Our environment
- Air
- Water and its conservation
- Our universe
- Rock and minerals
- Matter
These topics are in detail below:
- Living and non-living things:
This chapter covers the basic difference between the living and non-living things, examples of living and non-living things, characteristics, features, etc. A living thing is an organism which is lively, active and made up of cells. They exhibit different characteristics of life such as growth, development, movement, reproduction, response to stimuli, and needs energy to perform day to day activities. Plants, animals and human beings are the best examples of the living things. Non living things are just totally opposite. They do not grow, respire, move, reproduce and do anything as that of a living organism. Some examples of non living things are electronic goods, paper, stones, etc.
Examples:
- Most of the plants grow from ______ (Egg/seeds)
Answer: Seeds
- Non living things that are made by man are called as ____ (man-made/natural)
Answer: Man made
- Reproduction in plants:
Reproduction in plants meant to be generation of new individuals or offspring. Reproduction in plants is either sexual or asexual. Sexual reproduction is done through the fusion of gametes whereas asexual reproduction is done through without the fusion of gametes.
In detail, sexual reproduction in flowering plants is done by the production of male and female gametes, and the transfer of male gametes to the female ovules through a process called as pollination. After this process of pollination, fertilization occurs which results in the production of fruits.
In other hand, asexual reproduction does not involve any union of cells, or nuclei of the cell. Typically it can be said that asexual reproduction only requires and only allows for only one parent. Asexual reproduction is otherwise called as vegetative propagation.
Examples:
- The fusion of male and female gamete is called as ____
Answer: Fertilization
- Asexual reproduction in spirogyra is an example of __
Answer: Fragmentation
- Moses, ferns, moulds, etc reproduce by __ formation
Answer: Spores
- Animals:
Every animal has unique characteristics and feature. Every animal has distinct looks, different eyes, nose, ears, and bodily structures. For example, the skin pattern, color and body strength is different that of zebra. Also, there are different types of animals such as herbivores, carnivores and omnivores.
Herbivores:
The animals which eat only plants are called as herbivores. Best example of herbivores are Cow, goat, deer, etc.
Carnivores:
The animal which feeds on another animal is called as carnivores. Best example for carnivores are Lion, tiger, wolf, etc.
Omnivores:
An animal or person that eats variety of food of both plants and animals is called as omnivores. Best examples for omnivores are pigs, rats, chickens, crows, etc.
Examples:
- Name the feet or claws of the birds used for:
- Eagle
- Ducks
- Herons
- Hens
- Crows
Answer:
- Talons
- Swimming
- wading
- Scratching
- Perching
- How birds fly?
Answer:
Birds fly with the help of their wings
- Human body:
Human body consists of different organs which help our whole body system to function well. Also, humans do different things such as seeing, touching, hearing, eating, studying, sleeping and so on.
The major organ systems of our body are
- Circulatory system:
It consists of heart, blood vessels, and veins which is responsible of carrying blood throughout the entire body.
- Excretory system:
The major organs for the process of excretion are kidneys. These help in removing unnecessary waste from our body.
- Nervous system:
It consists of brain, spinal cord, nerves which control all the functions of the body. The most important thing is it controls the brain which is said to be the central processing system of the human body.
- Skeletal system:
It gives shape, support and structure to the human body. It gives strength to the body and protects the soft organs inside.
- Muscular system:
As the name suggests, it consists of muscles and controls all parts of the human body.
Examples:
- Name the diseases that are spread through touching______
Answer: Flu, cough and measles
- Give the functions of skeletal system in our boy:
Answer:
- It helps the movement of the body with the help of joints
- It supports the body by giving shape and structure
- It provides protection to the internal organs
- Food:
The basic nature of different types of food, how long they stay consumable, when does a food gets spoiled?, how did the people find their foods earlier, Who prepares our own food in our houses?, different types of taste that our mouth can feel, what are the foods for plants are the key concepts which are covered under this chapter.
When food gets spoiled:
A food gets spoiled when it its atmosphere changes or when the food is prepared long time ago. For example, milk gets spoiled during summer season due to the excess heat in the outside temperature.
Who produces food we eat?
This chapter makes children to know about the people who really work hard for our daily foods. They study about the farmers, their daily routines in the agricultural farms, how they preserve the crop from natural calamities and so on.
What food did people eat earlier?
Our ancestors or grandparents would have not eaten the same type of food which we eat now. Thus, different types of food habits are followed during olden days in different places.
Taste buds:
Our taste buds can feel different types of taste such as sweet, sour, bitter, pungent and salt. This chapter tells the importance of taste buds and different kinds of taste that human beings can enjoy.
What are the foods for plants?
Just like foods for animals and humans, plants also need food for surviving. The key requirements for a plant are water, air and sunlight. These are said to be the food materials for the plants.
Examples:
- Name any three foods that are rich in vitamins:
Answer: Broccoli, papaya, citrus fruits
- Rice and jute grow well in ____ types of soil
Answer: Alluvial soil
- Health and hygiene:
According to World Health Organization health can be defined as a state of complete physical, mental and social well being of the human body. In other words, a person is said to be physically healthy, if he/she has no physical deformities and all body functions are working properly. This topic covers various subtopics such as different diseases that are caused if a human body is not healthy. This covers diseases caused when people are anaemic, diseases caused by mosquitoes and other insects.
Examples:
- We should drink at least ________ liters of water every day.
Answer: 3 -4 liters
- Vitamins and minerals are required in a very _____Quantity.
Answer: Small
- Safety and first aid:
First aid is the immediate care given to a person who is injured before the physician arrives. Any first aid box contains basic things such as:
Cotton
Bandage
Antiseptic cream
Paper tape
Adhesive tape
Scissors
Types of first aid:
- Cuts and minor wounds:
For these types of wounds, clean the wounded area, apply antiseptic with sterile cotton, and if the wound does not stop bleeding tie it up with a tight bandage called as tourniquet.
- Burns:
If the burns are superficial, then the burnt area must be applied with cold water. If the burn type is like blisters then wash with water and cover with a clean cloth.
- Broken bones:
Do not move the broken part of the body. If the bone of the hand is broken tie it up with a sling using a cotton or bandage.
- Sprain:
Do not move the sprained part of the body. To keep it from moving an elastic bandage can be tied around the affected area.
First day, sprain must be treated by soaking your affected area in cold water. From second onwards, soak it in warm water two or three times a day. Ointment must be properly rubbed and applied in the affected area.
Examples:
- Write any three safety precautions to be followed by all to avoid accidents on roads.
Answer:
- Do not take alcohol before driving
- Always use back view mirrors whenever overtaking another vehicle
- Practice to give signals before turning or reversing.
- Write any three first aid tips for first aid:
Answer;
- For all types of burns, apply cold water for atleast 20 minutes
- Do not use ice, butter or creams in the affected are.
- If the burn is severe, immediately seek medical attention
- Our Environment:
Everything that is surrounding us and affects us is called as an environment. It is always our duty to keep our environment clean away from pollutions. Also, every human being must understand that forest is the important source for all living beings. Forests keep the air clean, and have dense trees which help to give fresh air rich in oxygen. Thus, humans must understand deforestation is a dangerous thing and must not be followed.
Examples:
- Give any three characteristics of solid substances:
Answer:
- It does not take the shape of its container
- It also has a definite volume
- It has a definite shape
- Name the states of matter for Milk:
Answer: Liquid
- Air, Water and its conservation:
What the sources of water, water conservation methods, from where the farmers get their water for crops, animals and plants life in water, basic concepts of oil and water which do not mix with each other. Also, this chapter covers layers of the atmosphere, importance of the atmosphere and properties of air, etc.
Layers of atmosphere:
There are two layers of atmosphere namely
Troposphere:
Lower layer of atmosphere up to 15 kms, clouds are formed in this layer.
Stratosphere:
Layer of atmosphere from 15 to 50 kms, planes fly in this layer.
What are the sources of water in earlier days?
How waters are stored during the olden days? How the waters are got during the olden days.
Water flow:
Definition of irrigation and types of irrigation followed for different types of crops. How farmers preserve water for irrigation, different methods of lifting water, etc.,
Plants and animals in water:
This chapter covers the different types of plants and animals that can live in water. Animals like seal, dolphin, crocodiles, turtles can live in water whereas sea grass, duckweed, algae are the examples of the plants that can live within the water.
Nature of water and other liquids:
This chapter covers the difference between nature of the water and other liquids. It also explains why oil does not get mixed with water and other basic concepts of liquids.
Examples:
- Name any three water borne diseases?
Answer: Tuberculosis, dysentery and jaundice
- What are the precautions to save water from the pollution?
Answer:
- Boil the water before usage
- Do not dip your hands or fingers in drinking water
- Do not use the ground water located near drainage or sewage.
- Tap water should be filtered and boiled well before use
- Always store the drinking water in a closed vessel.
- Our Universe:
This chapter covers about our solar system and nine planets in our solar system. It gives an idea about the universe and how big it is. Also, it covers the topics such as galaxies, planets, stars, satellites and many other things. Our Earth is one of the planets in our solar system and Milky way is the name of our galaxy.
Examples:
- The man who first landed on the moon?
Answer: Neil Armstrong
- The study of the heavenly bodies:
Answer: Astronomy
- Rocks and minerals:
This chapter covers the types of rocks, conservation of fossil fuels, introduction to minerals, etc.,
Types of rocks:
There are different types of rocks such as Igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks.
Conservation of fossil fuels:
Fossil fuels burn in the presence of oxygen releasing energy and carbon dioxide. More usage of fossil fuels decreases the amount of oxygen and increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Thus, this results in global warming and air pollution.
Examples:
- Name any three common ores:
Answer: Bauxite, Pyrite, Hematite
- Name any five metamorphic rocks:
Answer: marble, quartzite, coal, slate, mica
- Simple machines:
Different types of simple machines such as wheel and axle, wedge, pulley, screw and inclined plane are covered under this chapter. Other topics which are covered are inclined plane, wheel and axle, care of machines, pulley, lever, types of simple machine, etc.,
Examples:
- What is a machine that has a grooved wheel that has a cable?
Answer: pulley
- Machine with a bar that pivots on a fixed line?
Answer: Lever
- Matter :
A matter is made up of tiny particles called as atoms. Two or more atoms combine to form molecules. There are three states of matter such as solid state, liquid state and gaseous state.
This chapter also covers types of changes and classification of matter, elements and compounds, etc.,
Examples:
- How is matter classified in terms of physical state?
Answer: Solid, liquid and gas
- What you mean by the term volume?
Answer: The space occupied by a substance is called as volume
Thus, these are the topics which are covered under the CBSE Class 5 science stream.