LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

GH 35

M.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION – BIO INSTRUMENT. & ZOOLOGY

SECOND SEMESTER – APRIL 2008

    CH 2901 – INSTRUMENTAL METHODS OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS

 

 

 

Date : 26/04/2008            Dept. No.                                        Max. : 100 Marks

Time : 1:00 – 4:00

PART-A   ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Define: ppb and Molarity
2. What is a primary standard solution? Give an example.
3. Give two important quantitative applications of spectrophotometer in biological systems.
4. What is the role of ‘flame’ in AAS? Why no ‘flame’ is used in cold vapor AAS technique?
5. What is optical activity? Give an example.
6. What is the pH of 0.425M solution of acetic acid if K_a for acetic acid is 1.8 x 10^-5 mol L^-1?
7. What are the experimental methods used to determine the crystal structure?
8. Mention the nuclear spin quantum number (I) for ¹⁶O₈ and ¹⁹F₉.
9. Give examples for stationary liquid, which are used in gas chromatography.
10. Write the expression for the fundamental vibrational frequency defining the terms in it.

 

PART-B   ANSWER ANY FIVE QUESTIONS (5 x8 = 40)

 

11. (a) State Beer Lambert’s law and explain under what conditions it is not applicable.

(b) A 7.0 x 10^-5 M solution of KMnO₄ has a transmittance of 44% when measured in a 2.0 cm

cell at a wavelength of 523 nm. Calculate (a) the absorbance of this solution (b) the molar

absorptivity of KMnO₄.                                                                                         (5+3)

12. Discuss in detail the instrumentation and application of nephelometry in the determination of

phosphate ion.

13. Explain briefly the principle and instrumentation of ICP AES and its advantages over AAS

methods.

14. Sketch and describe the working of a typical Fluorimeter and how it can be applied in the

quantitative analysis of riboflavin.

15. Discuss in detail the composition and role of glass electrode in the working of a pH meter

how the pH of a given solution can be determined using a pH meter.

 

 

16. (a) In an ESR spectrometer operating at 9.233 GHz, the center of the spectrum of CH₃

                   radical occurred at 329.4 mT. Calculate the g-value of the free radical.

(b) Describe the applications of electron diffraction.

17. Describe the Bragg equation for X-ray crystallography.
18. Discuss in detail the principle and applications of the isotopic dilution analysis.

 

PART-C   ANSWER ANY TWO QUESTIONS (2 x 20 = 40)

 

19. (a) With a schematic diagram explain the different parts of a Double-Beam

Spectrophotometer and mention its advantage over single-beam instrument.

(b) What is the basic difference between Optical Rotatory Dispersion (ORD) and Circular

Dichroism (CD)? With a schematic diagram discuss the principle, parts, and working of a

Spectropolarimeter.

 

20. (a) Discuss the principle and working of an Atomic Absorption Spectrometer and how it can

be used in the quantitative determination of lead (pb²⁺) in blood.

(b) Describe the composition and working of a Fluoride Ion Selective Electrode and how it

is used in determining the fluoride content of drinking water.

 

21. (a) Write notes on (i) Thermal conductivity (ii) Electron Capture Detector

(b) Describe the applications of neutron diffraction.

 

22. (a) Discuss the principle involved in ESR spectroscopy and explain its instrumentation.

(b) How are the following compounds distinguished?

 

 

 

(i)               H₃C                               H₂C – CH₂

C=O    and          |       |

H₃C                               H₂C – CH₂                            by NMR

 

 

(ii)   CH₃-CH₂-C-H             and   CH₂=CH-CH₂-OH                       by IR

||

O

 

(iii) CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-C = O      and CH₃-C-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₃          by Mass

|

H

 

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