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LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

M.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION – CHEMISTRY

LM 55

FOURTH SEMESTER – APRIL 2007

CH 4955 – ORGANIC CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY

 

Date & Time: 23/04/2007 / 9:00 – 12:00   Dept. No.                                           Max. : 100 Marks

 

 

 

PART-A

Answer ALL questions.                                                                       (10 ´ 2 = 20 marks)

1. How is the formation of nitronium ion from nitration mixture detected and confirmed?
2. How is the DVS ratio of a mixed acid calculated?
3. Name some of the industrial oxidation reactions with examples.
4. How are temperature controlled reactions performed industrially?
5. How is spent acid from nitration reaction recycled?
6. Define the following
7. a) potential flow b) flash distillation
8. What is boiling point diagram?
9. Draw equilibrium diagram for C₆H₆-EtOH binary system.
10. What is glycerin distillation and glycerin vaporization?
11. What is roughness factor?

 

 

PART-B

Answer any EIGHT questions.                                                           (8 ´ 5 = 40 marks)

11. Classify various chemical reactors and give a brief account on each.
12. Write detailed notes on complex series reactions.
13. Draw Hough nitrator and explain the method of preparation of mononitrobenzene from it.
14. Give a detailed account on the design and material of reactors used for sulphonation.
15. How various types of reactors built for halogenation reactions? Explain.
16. Explain the preparation of a dye industrially?
17. How will you calculate the vapour composition of a mixture in the distillation process using Raoult’s law?
18. Discuss about the Hydrostatic equilibrium in a centrifugal field.
19. Explain the working principle of centrifugal decanter for immiscible liquids.
20. What are Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids?
21. What is Reynolds’s number? How the types flow is observed in Reynolds’s experiment?
22. What is the pump work in Bernoulli’s equation?

 

 

 

 

PART-C

 

Answer any FOUR questions.                                                            (4 ´ 10 = 40 marks)

 

23     a) Compare batch reactor and longitudinal flow reactor for their performance and types of reactions.

1. b) What is back mixing? Explain the effect of back mixing in consecutive reactions.

24     a) What are different types of nitrating agents? Explain the mechanism of each reaction.

1. b) List out various workup procedures to isolate sulphonated products. Explain each one in detail.
2. With a complete flow chart, explain the industrial preparation of penicillin.
3. Explain about the total energy of steady flow process.
4. Write note on types of impellers.
5. Discuss the mechanical-energy balance in potential flow.

 

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LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

GH 48

M.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION – CHEMISTRY

FOURTH SEMESTER – APRIL 2008

    CH 4955 – ORGANIC CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY

 

 

 

Date : 25/04/2008            Dept. No.                                        Max. : 100 Marks

Time : 9:00 – 12:00

 

PART – A

Answer ALL questions.                                                                     (10 ´ 2 = 20 marks)

 

1. What are the factors that affect the chemical-process kinetics?
2. How is nitryl ion confirmed as the nitrating agent in aromatic nitration?
3. Compare the sulphonating property of liquid SO₃ and H₂SO_4.
4. Write short note on the reactor materials used for various chemical reactions in industry.
5. How is paracetamol prepared?
6. What are Reynolds numbers? Give its significances.
7. What is boiling point diagram?
8. Mention the different streams involved in the transfer of heat and material across a plate.
9. How leaching process is advantageous over washing and filtration process.
10. What are the types of impellers? Give its applications.

 

PART – B

Answer any EIGHT questions.                                                          (8 ´ 5 = 40 marks)

 

11. How are chemical reactors classified? Explain any three in detail.
12. Write detailed notes on complex series reactions.
13. Explain the effect of dilution in the formation of nitryl ion from acid mixture for aromatic nitration.
14. Give a detailed account on the design and material of reactors used for sulphonation.
15. Write short notes on various types of oxidising agents used industrially.
16. Explain how penicillin is synthesized by industrial method.
17. Explain hydrostatic equilibrium in a static fluid system.
18. How immiscible liquids are separated by continuous gravity decanter?
19. Define velocity gradient in a steady one-dimensional laminar flow.
20. What is pump efficiency in Bernoulli equation?
21. Explain the material balance of binary mixtures in the flash distillation process.
22. Explain the working principle of spray dryers.

 

PART – C

Answer any FOUR questions.                                                           (4 ´ 10 = 40 marks)

 

23. a) Explain the detailed synthesis of nitrobenzene using Hough nitrator. (8)
24. b) How back mixing affects the product distribution in batch reactors? (2)
25. a) What are the differences between fixed and fluidized bed catalytic reactors? Explain with examples. (5)
26. b) List out various workup procedures to isolate sulphonated products. Explain each one in detail.                                                                                                                                                            (5)
27. a) Write short notes on selection of suitable plant equipments. (4)
28. b) Explain in detail the preparation of red and white pigments. (6)
29. Derive an expression for the mechanical energy balance in potential flow and how the friction term is included in that expression.
30. How the number of plates required for a distillation process is calculated by McCabe-Thiele method?
31. Explain the working principle of the following
    a) Flash dryer              b) Bollman extractor.

 

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         LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

M.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION – CHEMISTRY

WD 49

FOURTH SEMESTER – April 2009

CH 4955 – ORGANIC CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY

 

 

 

Date & Time: 28/04/2009 / 9:00 – 12:00  Dept. No.                                                 Max. : 100 Marks

 

 

PART-A

Answer ALL questions.                                                                       (10 ´ 2 = 20 marks)

 

1. Define back mixing. What are its advantages and disadvantages?
2. Why sulphonated products are very much useful industrially? Give reasons with example.
3. What are the types of hydrogenating agents?
4. Compare batch and parallel reactors.
5. Narrate the preparation of titanium dioxide.
6. A simple U-tube manometer is filled with mercury (specific gravity = 13.6) and the liquid above the mercury level is carbon tetrachloride (specific gravity = 1.6). The manometer reads 8.30 in. What is the pressure difference over the manometer in inches of water?
7. What is Reynolds number? Give its significances.
8. What is velocity gradient in a laminar flow?
9. Define Couette flow.
10. What is theoretical or equilibrium diagram?

 

 

PART-B

Answer any EIGHT questions.                                                           (8 ´ 5 = 40 marks)

 

11. What are the physical factors that affect chemical process kinetics of chemical reactions? Write a short note on each.
12. How is nitration of 2-methylpentane carried out? What are the products formed? Write the mechanism of the reaction.
13. Explain in detail the workup procedure for sulphonation reaction and its products.
14. How are various types of chlorination reactions performed industrially?
15. What is the need for a research and development unit in industry? Discuss in detail.
16. With the flow diagram explain the manufacture of paint.
17. Describe the pump work in Bernoulli equation.

 

18. Write short notes on impellers.
19. Explain the working principle of bubble cap column with diagram.

 

 

 

20. Explain the following
21. a) energy balance over a flow system
22. b) effect of temperature upon heat of the reaction
23. Describe the various components involved in the fractionating column.
24. What is differential distillation and give its applications?

 

PART-C

Answer any FOUR questions.                                                            (4 ´ 10 = 40 marks)

 

23. a) Explain the effect of back-mixing on the product distribution and holding time in parallel and series reactions.
24. b) How are temperature controlled reactions performed industrially?
25. c) How is spent acid from nitration reaction recycled?
26. a) Explain the method of nitration of hydrocarbons using Schmid nitrator.
27. b) How is phenol manufactured industrially from cumene? Explain in detail.
28. a) Explain the industrial preparation of hydrogenation of vegetable oil.
29. b) What are the functions of quality control unit?
30. a) Derive Barometric equation.
31. b) Give the working principle of continuous gravity decanter.
32. a) Explain the terms Newtonian and non-Newtonian flow.
33. b) Write note on the mechanical energy balance in potential flow.
34. How will you calculate the vapour composition of a mixture using Raoult’s law?

 

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LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

M.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION – CHEMISTRY

FOURTH SEMESTER – APRIL 2011

CH 4955 – ORGANIC CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY

 

 

Date : 09-04-2011             Dept. No.                                        Max. : 100 Marks

Time : 9:00 – 12:00

PART-A

Answer ALL questions.                                                                       (10 ´ 2 = 20 marks)

1. Give the correlation between different temperature units.
2. Define the term velocity gradient.
3. Mention the advantages of inclined monometer over monometer.
4. Define the following.
5. a) extraction battery b) diffusion battery
6. Compare the characteristics of distillation and extraction processes.
7. How is the formation of nitronium ion from nitration mixture detected and confirmed?
8. How is the DVS ratio of a mixed acid calculated?
9. Why chlorination reaction is more important for industry?
10. How are temperature controlled reactions performed industrially?
11. How is spent acid from nitration reaction recycled?

 

 

PART-B

Answer any EIGHT questions.                                                           (8 ´ 5 = 40 marks)

11. What are the standards of five basic SI units for mass, length, time, temperature, and mole?
12. What are Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids?
13. Explain the working principle of centrifugal decanter for immiscible liquids.
14. Derive an expression for the barometric equation.
15. Explain the material balances in plate column with reference to two-component systems.
16. Explain the working principle of moving-bed leaching machine.
17. Classify various chemical reactors and give a brief account on each.
18. Write detailed notes on complex series reactions.
19. Draw Hough nitrator and explain the method of preparation of mononitrobenzene.
20. Explain in detail the types of oxidizing agents used for industrial preparations.
21. How various types of reactors built for halogenation reactions? Explain.
22. Explain the preparation of a dye industrially?

 

 

PART-C

Answer any FOUR questions.                                                            (4 ´ 10 = 40 marks)

23. Discuss the energy for single-stream process.
24. a) Define the following
    (i) Murphree efficiency           (ii) Shank process
25. b) Explain the factors influencing plate efficiency.
26. a) Explain the method of leaching by percolation through stationary solid beds.
27.   b) Write short notes on different types of impellers.
28. a) Compare batch reactor and longitudinal flow reactor for their performance and types of reactions.
29. b) What is back mixing? Explain the effect of back mixing in consecutive reactions.
30. a) What are different types of nitrating agents? Explain the mechanism of each reaction.
31. b) List out various workup procedures to isolate sulphonated products. Explain each one in detail.
32. With a complete flow chart, explain the industrial preparation of penicillin.

 

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