LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

M.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION – ZOOLOGY & BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION

LM 32

SECOND SEMESTER – APRIL 2006

                          CH 2901 – INSTRUMENTAL METHODS OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS

 

 

Date & Time : 28-04-2006/9.00-12.00         Dept. No.                                                       Max. : 100 Marks

 

 

Part-A   ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS (10 ´ 2 = 20)

1. Define: (i) a mole   (ii) molarity
2. If drinking water contains 1.5 ppm of NaF, how many liters of water can be fluoridated with 454 g of NaF?
3. Explain hypsochromic shift with an example.
4. Sketch and explain the fundamental difference in instrumentation between Flame Emission and Atomic Absorption Spectrometers?
5. What is optical activity? Give an example.
6. Compare the energy of the following electromagnetic radiation

(i) Radio wave                 (ii) Infrared rays     (iii) Visible light

1. Mention the nuclear spin quantum number (I) for ₆C¹², ₁H¹
2. Compare the absorption frequencies of C-C and C=C.
3. Define ‘base peak’.
4. What kind of electromagnetic radiation is used to study crystal structure?

 

Part-B   ANSWER ANY FIVE QUESTIONS (5 ´ 8 = 40)

11. (a) State Beer-Lambert’s law and explain under what conditions it is not applicable.

(b) The molar absorptivity of a particular solute is 2.1 x 10⁴ L cm^-1mol^-1. Calculate the transmittance through a cuvette with a 5 cm light path for

a 2.0 x 10^-6 M solution.

12. (a) Explain the significance of λ_max and ε values in UV-Visible spectroscopy with a suitable example.

(b) Spectrophotometry is a very useful quantitative technique in the applications of biological systems. Can you substantiate this statement with two examples?

13. Discuss in detail the instrumentation and application of nephelometry.
14. Explain briefly the principle of ICP AES and its advantages over AAS methods?

1. 1. Determine the force constant for the C-H bond, given the stretching frequency of the C-H bond as 3000cm^-1.

 

1. Calculate the pH of the following solutions.

• 10^-2 M Ca(OH)₂
• Mixture containing 10^-2 M NH₄Cl and 10^-1 M NH₄ K_b of NH₄OH is 10^-5.

1. Discuss the applications of isotopic dilution analysis.
2. Draw the low resolution NMR spectrum of ethyl alcohol and explain.

 

Part-C   ANSWER ANY TWO QUESTIONS (2 ´20 = 40)

 

19. (a) Define Beer-Lambert’s law explaining the terms involved and state under what conditions it is not applicable.

(b) With a schematic diagram explain the different parts and working of a Double-Beam Spectrophotometer. What are its advantages over a single-beam instrument?                                                                   (10+10)

20. (a) Discuss the principle and working of an Atomic Absorption Spectrometer and how it can be used in the quantitative determination of lead (Pb²⁺) in blood.

(b) Give an account of how AAS can be used in studying the toxicological effects of mercury.                                                           (15+5)

21. (a) Describe the method of determining the pH of a solution using a potentiometer.

(b) Discuss the instrumentation of Gas Chromatography.

22. (a) Discuss the principle involved in NMR spectroscopy and explain its instrumentation.

(b) Distinguish the following

(i)  CH₃   CHCl  CH₃      and          CH₃  – CH₂ -CH₂Cl     by NMR

(ii)   CH₃  CH₂ CHO      and          CH₃  -CO -CH₃             by IR

(iii)   CH₃OH                 and          CH₃  CH₂ OH             by mass spectrum.

 

 

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