PHYSICS
MODULE – 1
Unit of measurement, System of units, S.I. units, Fundamental and derived units, Dimensional Analysis. Composition and resolution of vectors, Rectangular components in two & three dimensions, Unit vector, Representation of vectors in term of co-ordinates, Addition & Subtraction of vectors, Multiplication of vectors – scalar product & vector product. Uniformaly accelerated motion, Velocity – time graph Position-time graph, Kinematical equations in one dimension. Centre of mass, Centre of gravity, Conditions of equilibrium of a system of forces, Moment of a force about a point and an axis, couple, torque. Newton’s laws of motion, Inertial fraame, Impulse & impulsive forces. Conservation of linear momentum, Static and kinetic friction, Projectile motion. Rotational motion of a particle, Angular momentum and conservation of angular momentum, Moment of inertia, Relation between Torque, Angular momentum, Moment of inertia & Angular acceleration, Rotational kinetic energy, Centripetal force & centrifugal force. Work, energy & power ; Conservative and non-conservative force ; Elastic collision in one dimension.
MODULE – 2
Laws of gravitation, Gravitational field & potential ; Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude, depth & rotation of earth ; Escape velocity, Kepler’s laws of planetary motion (rigorous proof is not required), Geostationary satellite. Elasticity, Elastic behaviour, Hooke’s Law of elasticity, Elastic module, Poisson’s ratio, Elastic Energy. Pascal’s law, Principle of multiplication of thrust & its application, Hydraulic press. Archimedes’ principle and its application, Atmospheric pressure, Torricelli’s Expt., Fortin’s Barometer. Surface energy and surface tension, Capillarity, Streamline and turbulent motion, Newton’s law of viscous force, Coefficient of viscosity, Stoke’s law, Terminal velocity, Bernoulli’s Principle (statement only) and its simple application.
MODULE – 3
Simple Harmonic Motion, Differential equation of S.H.M. & its solution, Energy in S.H.M.,Time period of simple pendulum, Superposition of two S.H.M.,’s (analytical treatment), Free, forced & damped vibrations (qualitative idea only), Resonance. Elastic waves – longitudinal and transverse waves, Progressive waves. Superposition of waves : beats ; stationary waves – vibration of strings & air columns. Doppler effect in sound propagation (effect of medium excluded), Sound wave as longitudinal elastic wave, Velocity of sound wave, Newton’s formula and Laplace’s correction, Dependence of velocity of sound in a medium on temperature, pressure, density and humidity.
MODULE – 4
Thermal expansion of solids, Relation among coefficients of linear, superficial and cubical expansion of solids, Applications of expansion of solids, Thermal expansion of liquids, Relation between expansion coefficients.
Colorimetry, Change of state, Latent heat. Conduction, convection and radiation, Thermal conductivity, Thermometric conductivity, Black body ratiation, Stefan’s law, Newton’s law of cooling (statement and qualitative explanation only.) Mean free path, Mean, rms speed and most probable speed, Pressure of an ideal gas ; Charle’s law, Boyle’s law, Avogadro’s law & pressure law from Kinetic theory of gases, Kinetic energy of molecules, Kinetic interpretation of temperature. First law of Thermodynamics, Thermodynamic variables, Isothermal and Adiabatic expansions of gases, reversible and irreversible processes, Specific heats of gases at constant pressure and at constant volume and relation between them.
MODULE – 5
Reflection of light,Spherical mirrors, Mirror formula,linear magnification (formula). Refraction at plane surface, Total internal reflection,Critical angle, Relation between refractive index and critical angle, optical fibre, Total reflecting prism, Refraction and dispersion of light through prism. Thin lenses – concave and convex, lens formula, power of a lens, lens maker’s formula (deduction is not required), two thin lenses in contact. Simple and compound microscope, Astronomical telescope (simple construction as a combination of coaxial lenses and ray diagram showing final image formation) Magnifying power. Human eye – defects of vision and corrections. Wave front and Huygen’s principle, Reflection and Refraction of a plane wave front at a plane surface on the basis of Huygen’s Principle, Interference of light. Young’s double slit experiment and expression for fringe width, coherent sources.
MODULE – 6
Coulomb’s law in electrostatics, Electric field intensity and potential and their relation, Electric dipole, Electric field due to a dipole, Dipole moment, Electric flux, Gauss’ theorem in electrostatics (statement only) and its application to find electric field intensity due to uniformly charged infinitely long thin straight wire and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside & outside). Capacitance, Principle of capacitor, Capacitance of parallel plate capacitor, series & parallel combination of capacitors, energy stored in capacitor, sharing of charges & loss of energy. Coulomb’s law in magnetism, Magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (short bar magnet) at a point on its axis and on the perpendicular bisector of the axis ; Torque on a magnetic dipole in a uniform magnetic field, Current loop as a magnetic dipole and magnetic dipole moment. Properties of magnetic material, permeability & susceptibility, dia, para & ferromagnetic materials & their uses. Magnetic field of earth, Elements of the earth’s magnetic field.
MODULE – 7
Drift velocity and mobility of charge carrier throughmetallic conductor and their relation with electric current, Ohm’s law, Resistance of conductor, Factors influencing resistance, Temperature coefficient of resistance, Resistivity, Combination of resistors, Internal resistance of a cell and circuit equation, Combinations of cells. Kirchhoff’s law and simple applications, Wheatstone bridge principle, Meter bridge (with application for the determination of unknown resistance), Principle and applications of potentiometer. Joule’s law on heating effect of current, Electrical method of determination of ‘J’, electric power, B.O.T. unit of electrical energy. Thermocouple, Thermo-emf, E-T graph, Neutral temp.,Temp. of inversion, Seebeck effect, Peltier effect.
MODULE – 8
Magnetic effect of current, Biot – Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop, Ampere’s circuital law and its application to infinitely long straight wire, Straight and toroidal solenoids, Force on a moving charge in uniform electric field and magnetic field, Lorentz force. Force between two straight parallel current carrying conductors – definition of ampere, Fleming’s left hand rule, Torque experienced by a current carrying loop in a uniform magnetic field, Moving coil galvanometer,Conversion of a galvanometer into ammeter and voltmeter. Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction, Lenz’s law, Self and mutual induction, Fleming’s right hand rule, Alternating current (basic concept), Peak and rms value of alternating current/voltage. Qualitative idea of electromagnetic waves and its spectrum.
MODULE – 9
Bohr’s theory of hydrogen like atom, Hydrogen spectrum, Photo electric effect, Einstein’s photo electric equation, Explanation of laws of Photo electric emission, Photo electric cell, Wave – particle duality, deBroglie’s hypothesis. Radioactivity ; alpha, beta & gamma rays and their properties, Radioactive decay law, Decay constant, half life & mean life, Radioisotope and their uses.
MODULE – 10
Distinction between metals (conductors), semiconductors & insulators in terms of energy bands in slids, Intrinsic and Extrinsic semiconductors, p-n Junction diode,semiconductor diode rectifiers, p-n-p and n-p-n Transistors, Common Emitter Transistor Characteristics. Logic Gates – OR gate, AND gate & NOT gate. Constituents of atomic nucleus, Mass defect, Binding energy, Mass energy equivalence, Nuclear fission, Chain reaction, Nuclear reactor – Principle of operation, Nuclear fusion, Thermo nuclear fusion as the source of energy in Sun and Stars.