FOLK LITERATURE
Paper – II
Note : This paper contains fifty (50) objective type questions of two (2) marks each. All questions are compulsory.
1. The synchronic perspective is the study of expressive behaviour
(1) over a chronological time and space.
(2) at a point of time and space.
(3) over a period of time and space.
(4) at different points of time and space.
2. ‘Culture provided as a buffer against natural selection’ is the assumption of the followers of the school of thought of
(1) Devolutionists
(2) Diffusionists
(3) Evolutionists
(4) Functionalists
3. Who attempted to reconstruct the nature of the parent and sub-parent Indo-European languages and cultures using the tools of historical and comparative linguistics ?
(1) Prephologists
(2) Pragmatic Linguistics
(3) Semasiologists
(4) Philologists
4. The concept of ‘Urform’ in folk tale scholarship was proposed by
(1) Kaarle Krohn
(2) Vladimir Propp
(3) Wilhelm Grimm
(4) Theodor Benfey
5. Who stated ‘Folklore reveals man’s escape into fantasy from the conditions of his geographical environment and from his own biological limitations’ ?
(1) Sigmund Freud
(2) William Bascom
(3) Bronislaw Malinowski
(4) Franz Boas
6. The research method that facilitates validation of data through cross verification from two or more sources is known as
(1) Correlation method
(2) Modeling method
(3) Triangulation method
(4) Sampling method
7. The type of marriage in which the status of the wife was higher than that of the husband
(1) Hypergamy
(2) Hypogamy
(3) Endogamy
(4) Exogamy
8. Alan Dundes considers meta-folklore as a source for the study of
(1) Material culture
(2) Oral traditions
(3) Oral literary criticism
(4) Textual criticism
9. ‘Fixed phrase genres’ are also identified by
(1) Ethnic genres
(2) Verse genres
(3) Conversational genres
(4) Song genres
10. William Thomas introduced the term ‘folklore’ to replace the term
(1) Folk literature
(2) Popular antiquities
(3) Volkskunde
(4) Tradition
11. Ballad is a
(1) Story with religious context
(2) Song with dance
(3) Poetic tale
(4) Prose tale
12. Performer and audience relations is more closer in
(1) Religious performances
(2) Non-religious dance
(3) Ritualistic songs
(4) Non-ritualistic performances
13. Alan Dunde’s theory of motifeme developed in his work on ‘The Morphology of North American Indian folktales’ was influenced by the concepts of
I. Stith Thompson
II. Vladimir Propp
III. Kenneth Pike
IV. Sigmund Freud
Codes :
(1) III and IV are correct.
(2) II and IV are correct.
(3) II and III are correct.
(4) I and IV are correct.
14. According to Charles Sander Pierce’s semiotics, the ‘triadic model’ or three part model of the sign constitute
I. Representation
II. Object
III. Interpretant
IV. Significant
Codes :
(1) I, II and III are correct.
(2) I, II and IV are correct.
(3) II and III are correct.
(4) I and IV are correct.
15. Identify the scholars who opined that myths have explanatory and etiological functions :
I. Julius Krohn
II. William Bascom
III. Milman Parry
IV. Joseph Cambell
Codes :
(1) I and II are correct.
(2) II and III are correct.
(3) II and IV are correct
(4) I and IV are correct.
16. According to Roman Jakobson ‘aphasia’ i.e., impairment of the power to understand and to use speech is connected to two major disorders which are strikingly related to the two basic rhetorical figures :
I. Metaphor
II. Allegory
III. Hyperbole
IV. Metonymy
Codes :
(1) I and II are correct.
(2) II and III are correct.
(3) III and IV are correct.
(4) I and IV are correct.
17. The Prague school contributed in bringing innovation to the development of linguistics and it is known for
I. Articulatory phonology
II. Functional phonology
III. Semiotic structuralism
IV. Syntagmatic structuralism
Codes :
(1) I and II are correct.
(2) II and III are correct.
(3) III and IV are correct.
(4) I and IV are correct.
18. The spreading of people from one original country to other countries are commonly identified with the terms :
I. Asylum seekers
II. Immigrants
III. Commuters
IV. Descendants
Codes :
(1) I and II are correct.
(2) II and IV are correct.
(3) III and IV are correct.
(4) I and III are correct.
19. The genre of folklore which follows a traditional pattern in metaphorical language for passionate expression of grief is called
I. Songs of Jubilation
II. Chants of Exorcism
III. Lamentations
IV. Songs of Mourning
Codes :
(1) II and III are correct.
(2) I and IV are correct.
(3) III and IV are correct.
(4) I and III are correct.
20. In the structural analysis of fairy tales by propp, the number of major dramatis personae and the functions are fixed as
I. thirty two
II. thirty one
III. eight
IV. eleven
Codes :
(1) I and IV are correct.
(2) I and II are correct.
(3) I and III are correct.
(4) II and III are correct.
21. In folkloristics, the concept of ‘structure’ is an arrangement of entities which embodies the following fundamental ideas :
I. The idea of wholeness
II. The idea of hybridity
III. The idea of self-regulation
IV. The idea of non-automated
Codes :
(1) I and II are correct.
(2) I and III are correct.
(3) II and IV are correct.
(4) III and IV are correct.
22. Philosophy and moral precepts about how and why the universe came into being is the subject matter of
I. World view
II. Eschatology
III. Cosmology
IV. Geneology
Codes :
(1) I and IV are correct.
(2) I and II are correct.
(3) I and III are correct.
(4) II and III are correct.
23. Assertion (A) : A signifier is the concept that represents the sign.
Reason (R) : The ‘signified’ is the form which the sign takes.
Codes :
(1) (A) is false and (R) is true.
(2) (A) and (R) are false.
(3) (A) true and (R) is false.
(4) (A) and (R) are true.
24. Assertion (A) : Positivistic approaches are founded on a belief that the study of folklore should be conducted in the same way as studies conducted in the natural sciences.
Reason (R) : Human motivation is shaped by factors that are not always observable such as inner thought processes and a detached approach to research in folklore is not desirable.
Codes :
(1) (A) is false and (R) is true.
(2) (A) and (R) are false.
(3) (A) is true and (R) is not correct explanation.
(4) (A) and (R) are true.
25. Assertion (A) : In folk religion, ‘Revenant’ is a home-wanderer, a deceased person believed to appear to the people of his or her own community after death.
Reason (R) : People usually express their encounters with revenants in memorates and legends as folklore.
Codes :
(1) (A) is true and (R) is the correct explanation.
(2) (A) is true and (R) is not the correct explanation.
(3) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false.
26. Assertion (A) : Public folklore is the application of folk traditions in new contours and contexts within and beyond the communities in which they originated.
Reason (R) : The academic programmes in folklore and folklore do not provide public sector experience or reflection as a formal part of their curricula.
Codes :
(1) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(3) (A) is false and (R) is true.
(4) (A) is true and (R) is false.
27. Assertion (A) : ‘Tradition’ has the connotation of the past but inseparable from the present while being in practice.
Reason (R) : Construction of social conflict is one of the functions of ‘Tradition’.
Codes :
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(2) (A) is false and (R) is true.
(3) (A) is true and (R) is false.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false.
28. Assertion (A) : The distinctive folklore that are learned, transmitted and performed by children on their own is termed as children’s folklore.
Reason (R) : Researchers do not regard those materials that adults teach to children as children’s folklore.
Codes :
(1) (A) is false and (R) is not correct explanation.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation.
(3) (A) is true and (R) is false.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation.
29. Assertion (A) : The concept of ‘bricolage’ refers to the rearrangement and juxtaposition of previously unconnected signifying objects to produce new meanings.
Reason (R) : Levi-Strauss deployed bricolage method to interpret myths of the primitives.
Codes :
(1) (A) is false and (R) is not correct explanation.
(2) Both (A) and (R) is true and (R) is the correct explanation.
(3) (A) is true and (R) is false.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false.
30. Assertion (A) : Richard Dorson coined the term folklore and ideological manipulation of folklore as its emergent factor.
Reason (R) : Under globalisation, given the pervasive of consumer culture, the concept of “Folklore” is eventually loosing its connotation.
Codes :
(1) (A) is false and (R) is true.
(2) (A) is true and (R) is false.
(3) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are true.
31. Identify the correct group of concepts associated with the theory of performance.
(1) Ethno aesthetics, Stereotype, Ethnography of Art, Theatre Analogy
(2) Ethno poetics, Stimulus and responses, Ethnography of music, Ritual Analogy
(3) Ethno poetics, Verbal art, Ethnography of speaking, Drama Analogy
(4) Ethno poetics, Invented tradition, Ethnography of Listening, Game Analogy
32. Identify the correct group of scholars associated with the theory of oral composition.
(1) Albert B. Lord, Milman Parry, Roger Abrahams, Edmund Leach, John Miles Foley
(2) Albert B. Lord, Milman Parry, Roman Jakobson, C.M. Bowra, John Miles Foley
(3) Albert B. Lord, Milman Parry, Linda Degh, Edmund Leach, Bruce Jackson
(4) Albert B. Lord, Milman Parry, C.M. Bowra, Kenneth Goldstein, John Miles Foley
33. Sequence of the speech Acts – Asserting, commanding, repudiating and commending with the following meaning :
I. Authoritatively expressive
II. Suitable for approval
III. Refuse to accept
IV. Confident articulation
Codes :
(1) I, II, III, IV
(2) II, IV, III, I
(3) IV, I, III, II
(4) IV, II, III, I
34. Sequence the scholars – Roger Abrahams, Felix Oinas, Y. Sokolov and Simon Bronner with their Books below :
I. African Folktales
II. American Children’s Folklore
III. Folklore and Politics in the Soviet Union
IV. Russian Folklore
Codes :
(1) I, III, II, IV
(2) I, III, IV, II
(3) II, IV, III, I
(4) IV, II, III, I
35. Sequence the folklore terms – Syntagmatic, Formula, Motifeme, Cantometrics with the following meaning :
I. Unit of PhraseologyII.
Units of Measurement of song
III. Abstract Units of actions
IV. Linear Linguistic units
Codes :
(1) I, II, III, IV
(2) I, IV, III, II
(3) IV, I, III, II
(4) IV, II, III, I
36. Identify the correct group of concepts associated with Mikhail Bakthin.
(1) Hegemony, Circuit of Culture, Anti-essentialism, Hybridity
(2) Chronotope, Polyphony, Heteroglossia, Dialogism
(3) Commodification, Hyperreality, Monologism, Simulacrum
(4) Deconstruction, Polysemy, Polyglossic, Narrative Identity
37. Identify the profounder of the concepts – Derrida, Foucault, Ricoeur and Barthes in the order of sequence :
I. Iterability
II. Studium and Punctum meaning
III. Panopticism
IV. Symbolism of Evil
Codes :
(1) I, III, II, IV
(2) IV, III, II, I
(3) I, III, IV, II
(4) IV, II, III, I
38. Sequence the Literary devices used in Ballad tradition – Rhetoric, Refrain, Rhapsodoi and Retraction – with the following meaning :
I. Regular repeated lines
II. To pull back
III. Homeric wandering poet – singers
IV. Persuasive argument
Codes :
(1) I, II, III, IV
(2) II, IV, III, I
(3) IV, II, III, I
(4) IV, I, III, II
39. Sequence the meaning of – Axiology, Gerontology, Theomantia and Eschatology – used in performance studies
I. Philosophy of values
II. Study of End things
III. Art of Oracle
IV. Study of Aging
Codes :
(1) I, II, III, IV
(2) I, IV, III, II
(3) IV, I, III, II
(4) IV, II, III, I
40. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched ?
(1) Lauri Honko – Folkore Process
(2) Alan Dundes – Allomotifs
(3) Raymond Firth – Narrative and Identity
(4) Levi Strauss – Culinary practices
41. Match the following :
42. Match the following :
43. Match the following :
44. Match the following :
45. Match the following :
46. Match the following :
47. Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched ?
Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow based on the passage (48-50)
There are only two basic steps in the study of folklore in literature and in culture. The first step is objective and empirical; the second is subjective and speculative. The first might be termed identification and the second interpretation. Identification essentially consists of a search for similarities; interpretation depends upon the delineation of differences. The first task in studying an item is to show how it is like previously reported items, whereas the second is to show how it differs from previously reported items-and, hopefully, why it differs.
Professional folklorists who are usually skilled in the mechanics of identification are apt to criticize literary critics and cultural anthropologists for failing to properly identify folkloristic materials before commenting upon their use. And folklorists are quite right to do so. Naïve analyses can result from inadequate or inaccurate identification. Plots of traditional tale types might be falsely attributed to individual writers; European themes in a European tale told by American Indians might be mistakenly considered to be aboriginal elements. However, folklorists themselves might be criticized for doing no more than identifying.
48. Inaccurate identification of folklore can emerge due to
(1) Naïve interpretation
(2) Non-objective identification
(3) Unsophisticated analysis
(4) Delineating speculations
49. The basic steps in the study of folklore in literature involve :
I. Objective empiricism
II. Search for similarities
III. Delineation of differences
IV. Objective interpretation
Codes :
(1) I and II are correct.
(2) III and IV are correct.
(3) I and III are correct.
(4) II and III are correct.
50. The critique of skilled folklorists on cultural anthropologists is mainly due to
(1) erroneous linkage of the authors
(2) inapt identification of folklore material
(3) mistaken consideration of aboriginal elements
(4) inadequate proof of evidence for folk themes
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