ANTHROPOLOGY
PAPER – III
Note : This paper contains seventy five (75) objective type questions of two (2) marks each. All questions are compulsory.
1. The prenatal diagnostic technique that can detect neural tube defects is
(1) Radiography
(2) Alpha Fetoproteins test
(3) Ultrasonography
(4) Chorionic villus sampling
2. Which one of the following primate fossils is known as “Aberrent Ape” ?
(1) Gigantopithecus
(2) Ramapithecus
(3) Kenyapithecus
(4) Oreopithecus
3. Alkaptonuria is caused by the deficiency of
(1) Tyrosinase
(2) Arginase
(3) Homogentisic acid oxidase
(4) Carbamyl synthase
4. Short stature is a typical feature of
(1) Klinefelter syndrome
(2) Turner syndrome
(3) Fragile X-syndrome
(4) Edward syndrome
5. The basic classification of finger ball patterns was given by
(1) S.B. Holt
(2) J.D. Malavwala
(3) Francis Galton
(4) Edward Henry
6. Favism leading to acute hemolytic anemia is due to
(1) Hemoglobin S
(2) Iron deficiency
(3) Thalassemia
(4) G6PD deficiency
7. Taurodontism is seen in which of the following hominids ?
(1) Australopithecus
(2) Homo habilis
(3) Homo erectus
(4) Neanderthal man
8. The classification of simple societies into Band, Tribe, Chiefdom and kingdom in American Anthropology was first done by
(1) Marshal Sahlins
(2) Elmen Service
(3) Julian Steward
(4) Henry Maine
9. Who substituted the term bride-price with bride-wealth ?
(1) M.N. Srinivas
(2) S.C. Roy
(3) L.H. Morgan
(4) E.E. Evans-Pritchard
10. New Ethnography appeared in anthropology in order to
(1) partially accept and partially denounce culture and personality school.
(2) improve the quality of data collection and interpretation.
(3) accept functionalism and structuralism both.
(4) denounce evolution and diffusion.
11. The classificatory and the descriptive Kinship terminologies were first brought to the notice in anthropology by
(1) B.K. Malinowski
(2) L.H. Morgan
(3) E.E. Evans-Pritchard
(4) D.N. Majumdar
12. One can judge the level of a culture by “the amount of energy harnessed and put to use per capita per year by the group”, has been proposed by
(1) Leslie White
(2) Abram Kardiner
(3) V.G. Childe
(4) Cora Du-Bois
13. Psychic unity of mankind is associated with the school of
(1) Diffusionism
(2) Evolutionism
(3) Neo-evolutionism
(4) Culture and Personality
14. The term Scheduled Tribes has been defined in the Indian Constitution under Article :
(1) 342(1)
(2) 341(1)
(3) 330
(4) 254
15. Which of the following sites yielded earliest evidence of rice cultivation in India ?
(1) Mahadaha
(2) Chirand
(3) Koldihwa
(4) Barudih
16. Which of the following sites is not an iron age site ?
(1) Noh
(2) Atranjikhera
(3) Mundigak
(4) Ahichhatra
17. Which of the following hills/mountains is known as “fertile crescent” ?
(1) Baluch hills
(2) Zagros mountain
(3) Ural mountain
(4) Aravalli hills
18. The defining features of Homo habilis are
I. The first specimen was discovered in Indonesia.
II. They had brain size roughly half that of modern humans.
III. The first specimen was discovered by L.S.B. Leakey.
IV. Their name translates as “able man” or “handy man”
Codes :
(1) I, II and III are correct.
(2) II, III and IV are correct.
(3) I, III and IV are correct.
(4) I, II and IV are correct.
19. The salient features of human growth and development are
I. It involves quantitative increase in size and mass.
II. Growth can be assessed through height and weight measurements.
III. Human growth has no genetic component and is entirely controlled by environment.
IV. It can be studied by Longitudinal or cross-sectional methods.
Codes :
(1) I, II and III are correct.
(2) II, III and IV are correct.
(3) I, III and IV are correct
(4) I, II and IV are correct
20. Which of the following best describe the PTC testing ability ?
I. Phenylthiocarbamide is a synthetic compound.
II. Tester and non-tester status was first observed by Fox in 1932.
III. Inheritance pattern of PTC testing ability is not yet known.
IV. Population screening shows a bimodal distribution.
Codes :
(1) Only III and IV are correct.
(2) Only I and IV are correct.
(3) II, III and IV are correct.
(4) I, II and IV are correct.
21. The salient features of Tarsiers are
I. They are small, relatively solitary primates.
II. They are nocturnal.
III. They inhabit in South-west Africa.
IV. They eat only insects, spiders and other invertebrate animals.
Codes :
(1) I, II and IV are correct.
(2) II, III and IV are correct.
(3) I, II and III are correct.
(4) I, III and IV are correct.
22. The conditions needed for the maintenance of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium are
I. Random mating
II. No mutation
III. No gene flow
IV. Genetic drift should be there
Codes :
(1) II, III and IV are correct.
(2) Only III and IV are correct.
(3) I, II and III are correct.
(4) Only II and IV are correct.
23. Which of the following books were written by Clyde Kluckhohn ? Use codes.
a. Mirror for Man
b. Man and His Works
c. The Rise of Anthropological Theory
d. Culture and Behaviour
Codes :
(1) a and d are correct.
(2) b and c are correct.
(3) a, b, c and d are correct.
(4) a, b and c are correct.
24. Who among the following are ethnomedical specialists ?
a. Para-medical persons
b. Shamans
c. Folk healers
d. Bone-setters
Codes :
(1) Only a is correct.
(2) b, c and d are correct.
(3) a, c and d are correct.
(4) a, b, c and d are correct.
25. What are the factors suggested by M.N. Srinivas for a caste to become dominant caste ?
Use codes.
a. Numerical preponderance
b. Economic power
c. Political power
d. Socio-religious status
Codes :
(1) Only a, b and d are correct.
(2) Only a, c and d are correct.
(3) a, b, c and d are correct.
(4) Only c and d are correct.
26. Which of the following anthropologists have contributed to the study of tribe-castecontinuum ? Use code.
a. F.G. Baiely
b. Sachchidananda
c. L.P.Vidyarthi
d. Surajit C. Sinha
Codes :
(1) a, b and d are correct.
(2) a, b and c are correct.
(3) Only b and d are correct.
(4) b, c and d are correct.
27. Which of the following are not the characteristics of parochialization ? Use codes.
a. When an element of great tradition assumes the form of a greater tradition.
b. When an element of great tradition becomes extinct.
c. When an element of great tradition assumes the form of a little tradition.
d. When an element of little tradition assumes the form of a great tradition.
Codes :
(1) a, b, c and d are correct.
(2) a, b and d are correct.
(3) b, c and d are correct.
(4) c and d are correct.
28. Find the correct criteria for Cultural Resource Management (CRM) from the following. Use code.
a. CRM provides protection of archaeological sites.
b. CRM involves working closely with the community.
c. CRM involves collection of archaeological materials.
d. CRM does not have any connection with heritage management.
Codes :
(1) a, d and c are correct.
(2) d, c and b are correct.
(3) c, d and a are correct.
(4) a, b and c are correct.
29. Which of the following statements are correct ? Use codes.
a. Bronze is an alloy of Copper and Zinc.
b. Stadial is a warm climatic phase.
c. Typologically handaxe is a biface.
d. Palinology provides absolute dates.
Codes :
(1) b and d are correct.
(2) a and c are correct.
(3) a and d are correct.
(4) c and d are correct.
30. Find the correct answer for selection of cereals for domestication during Neolithic times.
a. Cereals with shattering seeds.
b. Cereals with non-shattering seeds
c. Cereals which were mutants
d. Cereals hybridized by humans.
Codes :
(1) a and b are correct.
(2) a and d are correct.
(3) b and c are correct.
(4) c and d are correct.
31. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer from the alternatives below.
Assertion (A) : Genetic drift is a nonrandom evolutionary force that can introduce new genetic material in a population.
Reason (R) : Genetic drift impacts on relatively small populations.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
Codes :
(1) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(3) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
32. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer from the alternatives below.
Assertion (A) : AIDS is a non-communicable disease.
Reason (R) : The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) that causes AIDS attacks a specific component of the immune system.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
Codes :
(1) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(3) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
33. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer from the alternatives below.
Assertion (A) : Ramapithecus fossils, discovered in 1932 from India were earlier considered to be the first hominids.
Reason (R) : On the basis of biochemical analysis and later finds, now it is put in the Sivapithecus category, an ancestor of Orangutan.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
Codes :
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is the not the correct explanation of (A).
(3) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(4) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
34. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer from the alternatives below.
Assertion (A) : In Darwin’s theory of Natural Selection the basic unit of evolution is an individual.
Reason (R) : In Neo-Darwinism the basic unit of evolution is a population.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
Codes :
(1) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(3) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
35. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer from the alternatives below.
Assertion (A) : Adolescent growth spurt occurs in each individual of both sexes.
Reason (R) : Adolescent growth spurt occurs earlier in females.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
Codes :
(1) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(3) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
36. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer from the alternatives below.
Assertion (A) : Bergmann’s rule addresses the relationship between body weight and environmental temperature, noting that within a widely distributed species, body mass increases with decreasing average temperature.
Reason (R) : As with other mammalian species, human variation in both body size and morphology appears to be strongly shaped by climatic factors.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
Codes :
(1) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(3) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
37. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer from the alternatives below.
Assertion (A) : B. Malinowski defined culture as “an instrumental reality for the fulfilment of basic needs of man”. This definition is also known as functional or biological definition of culture.
Reason (R) : B. Malinowski formulated such a definition of culture because he witnessed the Trobriand culture everyday for over several years through participant observation and by learning the native language.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
Codes :
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(3) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(4) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
38. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answers from the alternatives below.
Assertion (A) : Acculturation refers to culture change that takes place as a result of sustained contact between two societies, in which one of the societies is subordinate to the other.
Reason (R) : Generally, subordinate society is forced to borrow more cultural traits of the super ordinate society; though borrowing is a two way process.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
Codes :
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(3) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(4) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
39. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answers from the alternatives below.
Assertion (A) : National character studies in Anthropology began during the Second World War.
Reason (R) : The feuding nations during the war were interested to know the national character of the enemy nation for strategic purpose.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
Codes :
(1) (A) is true and (R) is false.
(2) (A) is false and (R) is true.
(3) (A) is false and (R) is also false.
(4) (A) is true and (R) is also true.
40. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answers from the alternatives below.
Assertion (A) : Questionnaires are most useful tool for data collection among the primitive people.
Reason (R) : A questionnaire is a set of questions sent by mail to be filled up by the informants themselves.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
Codes :
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation.
(3) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(4) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
41. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer from the alternatives below.
Assertion (A) : In order to denounce ‘cultural relativism’ Franz Boas suggested ‘ethnocentrism’
Reason (R) : According to ethnocentrism, an anthropologist must forget his own cultural background while studying others culture.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
Codes :
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation.
(3) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(4) (A) is false and (R) is also false.
42. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer from the alternatives below.
Assertion (A) : Many tribes of the central India have in the recent past attempted to revive their obsolete traditions and customs.
Reason (R) : They do it so to assert their tribal identity with a view to continually retain the constitutional privileges and safeguards for them enshrined in the Indian Constitution.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
Codes :
(1) (A) is true and (R) is false.
(2) (A) is false and (R) is true.
(3) (A) is false and (R) is also false.
(4) (A) is true and (R) is also true.
43. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer from the alternatives below.
Assertion (A) : Tool making and use gave rise to bipedalism.
Reason (R) : The first clear evidence of stone tools appears more than 2 million years after emergence of bipedalism.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
Codes :
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation.
(3) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(4) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
44. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer from the alternatives below.
Assertion (A) : Hominids were ominivorous.
Reason (R) : Strontium-Calcium ratio in teeth and bone may prove otherwise.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
Codes :
(1) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(3) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
45. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer from the alternatives below.
Assertion (A) : Seriation is comparison of the known style of artefacts.
Reason (R) : Seriation provides absolute dates.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
Codes :
(1) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(3) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
46. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer from the alternatives below.
Assertion (A) : Natufians were incipient cultivators.
Reason (R) : Natufians cultivated wheat.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
Codes :
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation.
(3) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(4) (A) is false and (R) is true.
47. Arrange the following major scientific developments in the correct ascending order. Use the given codes.
I. Evolution through natural selection.
II. Rediscovery of Mendel’s Laws.
III. Evolution through acquired characters.
IV. Mutation Theory
Codes :
(1) I, II, III, IV
(2) II, III, I, IV
(3) IV, I, II, III
(4) III, I, II, IV
48. Arrange the following methodologies for cytogenetics in order of their development. Use the codes.
I. Chromosomal banding technique
II. Array CGH
III. Fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH)
IV. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH)
Codes :
(1) I, III, IV, II
(2) II, I, III, IV
(3) III, IV, I, II
(4) IV, II, III, I
49. Identify the correct sequence of the following developments in genetics in the ascending order. Use the given codes.
I. Sex-linkage.
II. Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
III. One-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis.
IV. Chromosomal abnormalities.
Codes :
(1) II, I, III, IV
(2) II, I, IV, III
(3) II, IV, I, III
(4) I, II, III, IV
50. Arrange the following relations in the increasing degree of relationship in terms of proportions of genes shared. Use the given codes :
I. Parent-child
II. Second cousin
III. First Cousin
IV. Uncle-niece
Codes :
(1) I, II, III, IV
(2) II, III, IV, I
(3) IV, III, II, I
(4) III, I, II, IV
51. Arrange the following classifications of mankind in the ascending order. Select the correct option from the codes given.
I. A.E. Hooton
II. S.M. Garn
III. W.C. Boyd
IV. J. Deniker
Codes :
(1) III, II, IV, I
(2) IV, I, III, II
(3) II, III, I, IV
(4) I, IV, II, III
52. Arrange the sequence of A.R. Radcliffe Brown’s analysis of structure-functionalism.
(1) Social Structure → Social Organization → Social Morphology → Social Physiology → Social Eunomia → Social Dysnomia.
(2) Social Structure → Social Organization → Social Eunomia →Social Dysnomia → Social Morphology → Social Physiology.
(3) Social Structure → Social Morphology → Social Physiology → Social Organization → Social Eunomia → Social Dysnomia
(4) Social Structure → Social Organization → Social Morphology → Social Physiology → Social Dysnomia → Social Eunomia.
53. Arrange the following books in descending order according to the year of publication. Use the given codes :
a. Argonauts of Western Pacific
b. Races and Cultures of India
c. History of Ethnological Theory
d. Mind of Primitive Man
Codes :
(1) d, b, a, c
(2) b, c, a, d
(3) a, b, c, d
(4) a, c, b, d
54. Arrange the following books in ascending order according to the year of publication. Use the given codes.
a. Religion and Society Among Coorgs of South India.
b. The Remembered Village.
c. Caste in Modern India.
d. Marriage and Family in Mysore.
Codes :
(1) a, b, c, d
(2) d, a, b, c
(3) d, a, c, b
(4) a, d, c, b
55. Arrange the following tribal revolts in chronological order. Use the codes given below.
a. The Naga tribal people revolted in North-Eastern India.
b. Revolt of the Tamar of Chhotanagpur.
c. Revolt by the Munda tribal community under leadership of Birsa Munda.
d. The Gond and the Kolam revolted against British Government in the Adilabad district of the state of Telangana.
Codes :
(1) a, b, c, d
(2) d, c, b, a
(3) b, a, d, c
(4) b, a, c, d
56. The Constitution of India contains several provisions relating to safeguards for the Scheduled Tribes. Arrange the following according to their set up in ascending order. Use the codes given below :
a. Tribal sub-plan.
b. National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
c. National Scheduled Tribes Finance and Development Corporation (NSTFDC)
d. Tribal Co-operative Marketing Development Federation of India Ltd. (TRIFED)
Codes :
(1) a, d, c, b
(2) a, d, b, c
(3) a, b, c, d
(4) d, c, b, a
57. Arrange the following activities in ascending chronological order that early men went through for inclusion of any trait in culture and society. Use code.
a. Acceptance
b. Experimentation
c. Discovery
d. Observation
Codes :
(1) c, a, d, b
(2) d, c, b, a
(3) a, b, c, d
(4) b, d, c, a
58. Arrange the following names in ascending sequence for working in prehistory. Use codes.
a. Mortimer Wheeler
b. Christian Jurgenssen Thomsen
c. Stuart Piggot
d. John Lubbock
Codes :
(1) b, d, a, c
(2) a, c, d, b
(3) d, c, a, b
(4) c, a, b, d
59. Match items in List-I with items in List-II. Use the codes given below :
60. Match items in List-I with items in List-II. Use the codes given below :
61. Match items in List-I with items in List-II. Use the codes given below :
62. Match items in List-I with items in List-II. Use the codes given below :
63. Match items in List-I with items in List-II. Use the codes given below :
64. Match items in List-I with items in List-II. Use the codes given below :
65. Match items in List-I with items in List-II. Use the codes given below :
66. Match items in List-I with items in List-II. Use the codes given below :
67. Match items in List-I with items in List-II. Use the codes given below :
68. Match items in List-I with items in List-II. Use the codes given below :
69. Match items in List-I with items in List-II. Use the codes given below :
70. Match items in List-I with items in List-II. Use the codes given below :
Read the following text and choose/pick the correct answer of each of the following questions : (Q.Nos. 71–75)
Anthropology is often called ‘The child of Darwin’. In the Origin of Species : By Means of Natural Selection or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life, Darwin proved the theory of evolution that all the species, whether belonging to plant or animal life had developed from ‘simple to complex forms’. The founding fathers of the
discipline of anthropology, who were also contemporaries of Charles Darwin, were also contemplating about the evolution of human society and culture. As if, Darwin’s book provided them a readymade road map to evolutionism. They all began to assert that human society and culture had also developed from ‘simple to complex form’. They
considered that human culture had also evolved from savagery through barbarism to civilization. Therefore Darwin is sometimes considered as the ‘Father of Anthropology’. Later, however, this became a major ground of criticism for the mid 19th century evolutionists in anthropology. That they borrowed the idea from biological science and
uncritically applied in social science. However, it is debatable whether Darwin influenced social science, or was himself influenced by social science. First, Darwin did not propound the theory of evolution; he only proved it. Secondly, Darwin expressed his acknowledgement to Thomas Malthus – an economist, and Herbert Spencer – a
sociologist, whose ideas greatly influenced him and his doctrine. Darwin began with the idea that more organisms were born than survived to adulthood, a widely accepted concept derived from An Essay on the Principle of Population by Thomas Malthus. The great clue came from Malthus, who wrote that ‘the rate of procreation among animals surpasses the means of subsistence, and that the weak must perish in the competition for survival’.
Thus, Malthus work became cornerstone for Darwin’s theory of ‘natural selection’, the theory that would account for the evidence for evolution. In addition to the above, Darwin also acknowledges Herbert Spencer in these words, “I have called this principle by theterm Natural Selection, but the expression often used by Mr. Herbert Spencer of the
‘Survival of the Fittest’ is more accurate, and is sometimes equally convenient.”
71. Why is Charles Darwin considered as the Father of Anthropology ?
(1) Because he was an Anthropologist.
(2) Because he was a contemporary of many Anthropologists.
(3) Because he proved the theory of evolution that was adapted by his contemporary Anthropologists to prove the evolution of human society and culture.
(4) Because he was influenced by many Anthropologists of his time.
72. Who was influenced by whom ?
(1) Herbert Spencer was influenced by Thomas Malthus and Charles Darwin.
(2) Thomas Malthus was influenced by Charles Darwin and Herbert Spencer.
(3) Charles Darwin was influenced by Thomas Malthus and Herbert Spencer.
(4) Charles Darwin was in no way influenced by Herbert Spencer and Thomas Malthus
73. What was the name of Charles Darwin’s epoch making book ?
(1) Natural Selection
(2) Survival of the Fittest
(3) The Origin of Species
(4) Essays on Population
74. Who considered that human culture had developed from savagery through barbarism to civilization ?
(1) Herbert Spencer
(2) Charles Darwin
(3) Thomas Malthus
(4) Founding fathers of discipline of Anthropology.
75. Whose book provided a readymade road map to evolutionism ?
(1) Any book of founding fathers of Anthropology.
(2) Book of Herbert Spencer
(3) Book of Thomas Malthus
(4) Book of Charles Darwin
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