LINGUISTICS
PAPER – II
Note : This paper contains fifty (50) objective type questions of two (2) marks each. All questions are compulsory.
1. The usual term for the relationship which exists between languages that are members of the same language family is :
(1) Typological Relationship
(2) Areal Relationship
(3) Genetic Relationship
(4) Classical Relationship
2. Assertion (A) : A basic term in linguistics for the set of substitutional relationships a linguistic unit has with other units in a specific context is called paradigmatic.
Reason (R) : Paradigmatic relations can be established at all levels of analysis.
Code :
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(2) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(3) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false.
3. The primitive elements in a grammar, required for the analysis of linguistic data, e.g. NP, VP, [+ grave], [+ abstract] are called :
(1) Substantive universals
(2) Formal universals
(3) Statistical universals
(4) Absolute universals
4. A relation between two speech sounds such that replacing one by the other makes a difference in the meaning of a word is called :
(1) Constative
(2) Connectionism
(3) Calque
(4) Contrast
5. The property that language can communicate information about something far away in time and space is called :
(1) Arbitrariness
(2) Displacement
(3) Interchangeability
(4) Double Articulation
6. Animal communication, unlike human language is :
(1) Discrete and symbolic
(2) Anomalous and symbolic
(3) Discrete and non-symbolic
(4) Anomalous and non-symbolic
7. In a multilingual setting, if one language becomes increasingly dominant over the other languages, taking over more and more of the domains in which these other languages were once used, then it is called :
(1) Language shift
(2) Non-standard
(3) Language change
(4) Diglossia
8. The question, ‘How the mentally represented grammar is employed in the production and comprehension of speech ?’ is addressed by :
(1) the information scientist
(2) the psycholinguist
(3) the neurolinguist
(4) the grammarian
9. The argument that the child’s linguistic experience is not sufficient to justify the adult grammar has come to be known as :
(1) The regularity argument
(2) The garden path argument
(3) The LF argument
(4) The poverty of stimulus argument
10. Assertion (A) : A compound word consists of two words.
Reason (R) : There is a theoretical limit to the lengths of compounds because the process of forming compounds cannot feed itself ad infinitum and cannot be subject to further compounding.
Code :
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(2) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(3) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false.
11. Production of speech that relies on the movement of air outwards from the lungs is called :
(1) Egressive non-pulmonic air stream mechanism
(2) Egressive pulmonic air stream mechanism
(3) Egressive glottalic air stream mechanism
(4) Ingressive velaric air stream mechanism
12. A general term in the classification of speech sounds which corresponds to frictionless continuants is :
(1) Approximant
(2) Glide
(3) Liquid
(4) Vowels
13. The system of reference vowels, traditionally represented as a quadrilateral, which defines the periphery of the available ‘space’ for the articulation of vowels is known as :
(1) Systemic Functional Linguistics
(2) Visual Word form Area
(3) Cardinal Vowel System
(4) Vocalization System
14. A term used to describe consonants that occur at the border between two syllables and that can be thought of as both the coda of the first one and the onset of the second one :
(1) Semisyllabic
(2) Ambisyllabic
(3) Disyllabic
(4) Polysyllabic
15. The term used in phonology to describe what happens when the distinction between two phonemes is lost in a particular environment :
(1) Assimilation
(2) Dissimilation
(3) Coalescence
(4) Neutralization
16. Vocal effect which extends over more than one sound segment in an utterance is called :
(1) Segmental
(2) Intensional
(3) Supra segmental
(4) Aspectual
17. |t∫| and |dz| are the examples of :
(1) Sandhi
(2) Haplology
(3) Pattern congruity
(4) Assimilation
18. If one of the constituent words in a compound is the semantic and syntactic head, it is called a(n) __________.
(1) exocentric compound
(2) endocentric compound
(3) copulative compound
(4) lexical reduplication
19. The forms www, URL, http and SCSI are examples of :
(1) Acronyms formation
(2) Word blends
(3) Alphabetic abbreviations
(4) Clippings
20. In morphology, the process by which affixes combine with words to create new words is known as :
(1) Inflection
(2) Derivation
(3) Extraposition
(4) Assimilation
21. Match the items in the List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the code given below :
22. Assertion (A) : The rapid and complex development of a childs grammatical competence can be explained by the hypothesis that they are born with an innate knowledge of at least some of the universal structural principles of human language.
Reason (R) : The innateness hypothesis contrasts with those approaches that view language in purely behavioural terms.
Code :
(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(2) (A) is correct, (R) is false.
(3) (A) is false, (R) is correct.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false.
23. Which one of the following constructions displays endo-centricity ?
(1) The boy fell
(2) Sit on the table
(3) Kick the ball
(4) The big house
24. Assertion (A) : Adjectives can occur in an attributive position and in a predicative position.
Reason (R) : Adjectives can be premodified by an intensifier, and can be used in a comparative and superlative form.
Code :
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(2) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(3) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false.
25. Which of these sentences is an intransitive sentence ?
(1) The man chased the dog.
(2) The old man laughed.
(3) The tall and foolish man put the book on the table.
(4) The man in the dark dress ate the apple in the garden.
26. In the sentence ‘The boy ran with the dog’, ‘with’ is :
(1) Noun
(2) Pronoun
(3) Verb
(4) Preposition
27. Which of the following was not a type of transformation proposed in Standard Theory ?
(1) Addition
(2) Suffixation
(3) Movement
(4) Substitution
28. The phrase ‘A Summer’s Day’ in Shakespeare’s verse “Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer’s Day” is a classic example of :
(1) Denotation
(2) Connotation
(3) Irony
(4) Satire
29. Match the following :
30. Assertion (A) : Shreya has just flown to Delhi Presupposes Shreya has just gone to Delhi.
Reason (R) : Ram’s sister has measles entails Ram has sister.
Code :
(1) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(2) (R) is true, but (A) is false.
(3) Both are true.
(4) Both are false.
31. If borrowings tend to come from the more prestigious sections of the lexicon and their connotations tend to be prestigious, the concerned language is said to belong to a __________
(1) Substratum
(2) Superstratum
(3) Adstratum
(4) Dialect
32. A term that refers to the reverse linguistic history of a language on the basis of phonetic variation between forms which are assumed to have had an invariant structure originally is called :
(1) Lexical diffusion
(2) Analogical change
(3) Comparative method
(4) Internal reconstruction
33. Though sanskrit is an inflecting language, the modern Indo-Aryan languages are said to have become agglutinating under the influence of :
(1) Tibeto-Burman
(2) Austro-Asiatic
(3) Dravidian
(4) Internal Developments
34. The English expression ‘World View’ which owes its existence to Germanic ‘Weltanschauung’ is an example of :
(1) Loan-blend
(2) Loan translation
(3) Assimilated loan
(4) Unassimilated loan
35. Who proposed the principle that sound changes are conditioned entirely by phonetic factors and sound laws admitted no exceptions ?
(1) Neogrammarians
(2) Ferdinand de Saussure
(3) Edward Sapir
(4) Daniel Jones
36. Assertion (A) : A sound change takes place regularly only at a particular time and in a particular speech community.
Reason (R) : A sound change is one that takes place mechanically which means it is not because of psychological motivation.
Code :
(1) (A) is true and (R) is false.
(2) (A) is false and (R) is true.
(3) (A) and (R) both are true.
(4) (A) and (R) both are false.
37. Which of the following is a language isolate ?
(1) Nagamese
(2) Nihali
(3) Khasi
(4) Bundelkhandi
38. Which of the following statements is correct ?
(1) The SVO languages are structurally different from the SOV and VSO languages taken together.
(2) The SOV languages are structurally different from the SVO and VSO languages taken together.
(3) The VSO languages are structurally different from the SVO and SOV languages taken together.
(4) All languages with the SVO, SOV and VSO word orders are structurally similar.
39. If the structural similarities among languages are taken as part of an attempt to make a classification of languages, it is called __________.
(1) Typology
(2) Reconstruction
(3) Etymology
(4) Analogy
40. Assertion (A) : A language with the SVO word order is clearly prefixing.
Reason (R) : Though English has the SVO order, it is predominantly suffixing.
Code :
(1) Both (A) and (R) are incorrect.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(3) (A) is correct and (R) is incorrect.
(4) (A) is incorrect and (R) is correct.
41. Borrowed words are usually remodelled to fit the phonological and morphological structure of the borrowing language. The process is called :
(1) Receipient language
(2) Donor language
(3) Adaptation
(4) Loan words
42. A hypothesis which was emerged from the open criticism toward BEHAVIORISM and particularly the Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH) on SLA in the 1970 is :
(1) Error Analysis
(2) Creative Construction Hypothesis
(3) Acquisition Learning Hypothesis
(4) Krashen’s Hypothesis
43. Match the List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the following code :
44. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct response from the code given below :
45. Assertion (A) : Chomsky emphasized the active contribution of the child and de-emphasized the role of habit-formation.
Reason (R) : He attributed the child with the Innate language learning capacity which is unique and different from general cognitive mechanism.
Code :
(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(2) (A) is correct, but (R) is false.
(3) (A) is false, but (R) is correct.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false
46. Culturally sensitive view of literacy practices as they vary from one context to another is known as :
(1) Autonomous model of literacy
(2) Ideological model of literacy
(3) The new literacy
(4) Computer literacy
47. An approach to language teaching in which the computer is used as an aid to the presentation, reinforcement and assessment of material to be taught is known as :
(1) C A L L
(2) C A L T
(3) C A L I
(4) C E L L
48. Assertion (A) : In Pidgins and Creoles, the vocabulary is usually traceable to a single language, always the language of the dominant group involved in the contact.
Reason (R) : The grammatical structure generally can not be traced to any single language.
Code :
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(2) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(3) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false.
49. Variationist sociolinguistics, which is strongly associated with William Labov is based on the premise that :
(1) Language reflects identity.
(2) Language reflects nationality.
(3) Language reflects ideology.
(4) None of the above
50. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct response from the code given below :
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