LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

VB 32

M.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION – MEDICAL SOCIOLOGY

THIRD SEMESTER – November 2008

    MS 3951 /SO 3951 – BIO-MEDICAL ETHICS AND LAW

 

 

 

Date : 07-11-08                 Dept. No.                                        Max. : 100 Marks

Time : 9:00 – 12:00

PART-A

 

Answer ALL the question in 30 words each.                                                (10 x 2 = 20)

 

1. Why is acting ethically an important value?
2. Explain the concept of “Paternalism” in medicine.
3. What is Nuremberg Code?
4. Differentiate Duty theory and Rights theory
5. Mention the key ingredients in patient-doctor relationship
6. Why theories are required to understand biomedical ethics?
7. Define eugenics
8. Explain Surrogacy
9. What is passive euthanasia?
10. Mention two ethical problems involved in cryopreservation of eggs, ovum and sperm.

 

PART-B

 

Answer any FIVE questions in 300 words each.                            (5 x 8 = 40 Marks)

 

 

 

11. Discuss the process involved in the ethical decision making in health care setup

 

12. Critically examine the role of religion in health care decision making

 

13. What is “Sufficient information” in the process of informed consent?

 

14. Evaluate the arguments against euthanasia

 

15. What do you think about brain death as a criterion for death and how do you look at the implications of such a criterion?

 

16. Is it ethical to commercialize and sell eggs and sperm for reproduction? – comment

 

 

 

17. M.P., 39 years of age, comes to the Gynecology Department demanding abortion. She has been pregnant for two months and does not want the baby. She has had multiple, complete sexual contact with several men in recent years and consumes heroin. The doctor requests her informed consent to an HIV test but she refuses to consent. Should the doctor, believing that HIV is highly probable, perform the test and other preoperative analysis without her consent?

 

 

PART-C

 

Answer any TWO question in 1200 words each:                           (2 x 20 = 40 Marks)

 

 

18. Explain the guiding principles of biomedical ethics.

 

19. Discuss critically the ethical issues raised by Assisted Reproductive Technology.

 

20. Highlight the need for “surrogacy law” using the recent surrogate mother case in India

 

21. A mother from a rural area gives birth to Siamese twins, who are slightly underweight. Their heads are unattached, and they each have two hands. They are joined together from below the costal margin, and hence are sharing many organs as well as their lower extremities, with a third but rudimentary leg arising from the posterior aspect. The doctors know that an operation must be carried out for the babies to have a chance, but the procedure itself is rather complicated. Furthermore, the doctors cannot determine the extent to which the vital organs are being shared. They know if an operation is to be carried out, only one of the twins will survive, and it will be a very costly procedure. The twins must be kept in the special care ward until they are fit to be operated on. They cannot survive outside the hospital. The parents do not care whether the twins will survive, and they just want to go home. Highlight the ethicolegal issues involved and suggest ways and means of addressing the same.

 

 

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LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

M.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION – MEDICAL SOCIOLOGY

THIRD SEMESTER – NOVEMBER 2010

    SO 3809  – BIO-MEDICAL ETHICS AND LAW

 

 

 

Date : 03-11-10                 Dept. No.                                        Max. : 100 Marks

Time : 9:00 – 12:00

Part – A

Answer all the questions in about 30 words each:                                                                  (10 x 2 = 20 Marks)

1. What is Medical Paternalism?
2. Define Ethical altruism .
3. Define non-voluntary
4. How much information should you share with your patient?
5. Write a note on Divine Command Theory.
6. Expand –  MCI, IMA and
7. What is an Institutional ethical committee?
8. Write a note on Declaration of Helsinki.
9. Differentiate Informed Consent and Informed choice.
10. What is brain dead?

 

 

Part – B

Answer any FIVE questions in about 300 words each:                                                               (5 x 8 = 40 marks)

11. Discuss the role of medical sociologist in promoting ethical values and norms in health care setup.
12. Explain the Principles of Biomedical Ethics with suitable example from your field work experience.
13. Comment on Nuremburg trail and its relevance to biomedical ethics.
14. What are the pros and cons of euthanasia?
15. Does the pregnant woman have the right to decide if she is going to carry the baby to term or not? Critically comment.
16. Discuss the ethical problems involved in H1N1 vaccination in India.
17. Highlight some of the current medico-legal issues in Indian Health Care Sector.

 

 

 

Part – C

Answer any TWO questions in about 1200 words each:                                                         (2 x 20 = 40 Marks)

18. A mother from a rural area gives birth to Siamese twins, who are slightly underweight. Their heads are unattached, and they each have two hands. They are joined together from below the costal margin, and hence are sharing many organs as well as their lower extremities, with a third but rudimentary leg arising from the posterior aspect. The doctors know that an operation must be carried out for the babies to have a chance but the procedure itself is rather complicated. Furthermore, the doctors cannot determine the extent to which the vital organs are being shared. They know if an operation is to be carried out, only one of the twins will survive, and it will be a very costly procedure. The twins must be kept in the special care ward until they are fit to be operated on. They cannot survive outside the hospital. The parents are certain that someone has bewitched the twins. The parents do not care whether the twins will survive, and they just want to go home. – if you were part of the medical team, how would you proceed and what are the ethical issues in this case?

 

19. Though we don’t follow theories while taking decision, ethical theories provide a strong base for key decision-making in health care setups – justify the statement with suitable theories and examples.

 

20. “By 2010 it is estimated that some two million people in India will be taking part in clinical trials . Most of the world’s largest pharmaceutical companies have established a presence in India, where they are increasingly recruiting patients and outsourcing trials”. Enumerate the ethical problems connected with human experimentation with reference to Indian context. How effective are Indian guidelines and laws?

 

21. Critically evaluate how religious interpretation of abortion, euthanasia, Organ transplant and assisted reproductive technology affects the Health care decision making.

 

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LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

M.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION – MEDICAL SOCIOLOGY.

THIRD SEMESTER – APRIL 2012

SO 3809 – BIO-MEDICAL ETHICS AND LAW

 

 

Date : 26-04-2012             Dept. No.                                        Max. : 100 Marks

Time : 1:00 – 4:00

 

Part – A

Write a short note on ALL of the following in about 30 words each:                                          (10 x 2 = 20 Marks)

 

1. Brain Dead.
2. Medical negligence.
3. Extension Doctrine.
4. Belmont report.
5. Distributive justice.
6. Descriptive ethics.
7. Active euthanasia.
8. Rule consequentialism.
9. Virtue ethics.
10. Double Doctrine effect.

 

Part – B

Answer any Five questions in about 300 words each:                                                         (5 x 8 = 40 Marks)

 

1. What is the core idea of consequentialism?
2. What is deontology? Why is it called a backward looking ethical theory?
3. What is negative eugenics? What are the methods used in negative eugenics?
4. Examine the controversy that surrounds stem cells research.
5. How is virtue ethics considered as an antidote to the inadequacies of both deontology and consequentialism?
6. Examine the features of reflective equilibrium.
7. What is cloning? Examine the ethical issues that are associated with cloning.

 

Part – C

Answer any Two questions in about 1200 words each:                                                      (2 x 20 = 40 Marks)

 

1. Critically evaluate how genetic technology may challenge equality.
2. Can there be dignity in death? Examine in detail the case and controversy surrounding euthanasia.
3. Critically evaluate the ethical rules that govern organ donation.

21. Critically evaluate the role of ethical committees and law in protecting the human subjects

involved in clinical research. Present your opinion on the existing international and ICMR

guidelines.

 

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LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

M.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION – MEDICAL SOCIOLOGY.

THIRD SEMESTER – NOVEMBER 2012

SO 3809 – BIO-MEDICAL ETHICS AND LAW

 

 

Date : 06/11/2012            Dept. No.                                        Max. : 100 Marks

Time : 9:00 – 12:00

     SECTION-A

 

Answer the following in 30 words each:                                                                                   (10×2=20)

 

1. What is Bio – medical ethics?
2. How do you define right ethics?
3. Explain Biological anthropology.
4. Quality of life is believed to be equality of life – why?
5. What is aminocentestis?
6. Explain invitro –fertilization.
7. Define Euthanasia.
8. What do you mean by contraception?
9. Explain stem -cell therapy.
10. What is gene- therapy?

SECTION-B

 

Answer any FIVE of the following in about 300 words each:                                                 (5×8=40)

 

11. Explain the concept of justices.
12. Discuss dignity of human life from religious perspective.
13. Write a short note on paternalism.
14. What are the various types of fertility enhancement methods?
15. Discuss the elements of informed consent.
16. Explain the natural family planning process.
17. Autonomy is a form of personal liberty – Explain.

                                                            SECTION – C

 

Answer any TWO of the following in 1000 words each:                                                           (2×20=40)

 

18. What are the arguments of Abortion from pro-life and pro-choice perspective?
19. Explain the various types of ethical theories in Bio-medical ethics.
20. Euthanasia is an ordinary and extra –ordinary means of treatment – Discuss.
21. Analyze the ethical issues and justification for organ transplantation.

 

 

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