| Lok Sabha Constituencies in Gopalganj district, Bihar (MP Constituencies) | Gopalganj |
| MLA Assembly Constituencies in Gopalganj district, Bihar | Baikunthpur Barauli Gopalganj Kuchaikote Bhorey Hathua |
About Gopalganj District :
The District of Gopalganj is located on the West –North corner of the Bihar State. Between 26° 12” and 26° 39” North latitudes and 83° 54” to 84° 55” East longitudes. The physical (geographical) area of the Gopalganj District approximates about 2033 sqr. Km. The total population of the district is 2562012. It is bounded on East by Champaran and river Gandak on the South by Siwan District and on the North West Deoria District of Uttar Pradesh. The river Gandak supported by tributaries like Jharahi, Khanwa, Daha, Dhanahi etc give a big status of river. Due to this land of District is fertile and alluvial because of this river the District is good in cultivation and irrigation. the district is divided into 2 Sub-Divisions, 14 Blocks, 1566 Villages. The places of tourist interest in the districts are Thawe – Durga Mandir (Gopalganj), Shri Pitambara Peeth (Bagalamukhi), Dighwa-Dubauli, Dighwa-Dubauli, Husepur and Lakri Dargah.
| Gopalganj | Introduction : | Gopalganj District comes into existence on 2nd October’1973. Earlier it was a part of old Saran District and has closed linked with the history of parent’s district. Earlier it was a Sub – Division of Saran District.
The District of Gopalganj is located on the West –North corner of the Bihar State. Between 83.54° – 85.56° latitude and 26.12° – 26.39°North longitude. It is bounded on East by Champaran and river Gandak on the South by Siwan District and on the North West Deoria District of Uttar Pradesh. The river Gandak supported by tributaries like Jharahi, Khanwa, Daha, Dhanahi etc give a big status of river. Due to this land of District is fertile and alluvial because of this river the District is good in cultivation and irrigation. The river imparts prosperity to the people to play and important role in making the District significant and unique. River Gandak by depositing the top quality of soil bringing from the Nepal, place and important role in the economy of the District. |
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| Historical Background : | Historians establish on the basis of analysis of evidences that this place was underthe king of Videh during Vaidic age. During the Aryan period a schedule tribe Vaman King Chero roled the place. The rulers of that time were found of making temple and other religious supports. It is one of the reasons that there are so many temples and others religious places are within the reason. Some significant temples and religious supports within the district are Durga’s temple of Thawe, fort of Manjha, Vaman Gandey Pond of Dighwa Dubauli, Fort of King Malkhan of Sirisia, Kuchaykot etc.
People of Gopalganj where always in the lime light either it be thestruggle for freedom. Including J. P. movement and movements for women education and movement against non payment of tax and prohibition of 1930. Under the leadership of Babu Ganga Vishnu Rai and Babu Sunder Lal of Bankatta. In 1935 Pandit Bhopal Pandey gave his life for the freedom of the country. People of Gopalganj are indebted to the freedom fighters to who gave there lives for motherland. During Mahabharat age this region was under the King Bhuri Sarwa. During 13th Century and 16th Century the place was ruled by Sultan of Bengal Gayasuddin Abbas and Babar. |
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| Villages : | Total Villages | 1566 | ||
| Inhabited | 1397 | |||
| Uninhabited | 169 | |||
| Panchayats | 234 | |||
| Sub-Divisions | 02 | |||
| Blocks | 14 | |||
| Revenue Circles | 14 | |||
| Halkas | 101 | |||
| Police Stations | 18 | |||
| Police Out posts | 04 | |||
| Town | 04 | |||
| Nagar Parishad (Gopalganj) | 01 | |||
| Nagar Panchayats | 03(Barauli,Mirganj &Kateya) | |||
| M.P.Constituency | 1 | |||
| M.L.A. Constituncy | 6 | |||
| Getting there | Air | Nearest airport is at Sabeya (Hathua)(30 kms). | ||
| Rail | Connected by rail, with a station at Gopalganj (important broad gauge route and a narrow gauge line). | |||
| Road | State highways and roads link district headquarters at Gopalganj to all 14 blocks. National highway (No 28) passes through Gopalganj. | |||
| Physical | Geographical location | Between 26° 12” and 26° 39”; North latitudes and 83° 54” to 84° 55”; East longitudes, in the northern part of the state. | ||
| Area | 2033 km² | |||
| Adjoining districts | North : East & West Champaran District, South : Siwan & Chappra District East : East Champaran & Muzaffarpur District , West : Uttar Pradesh | |||
| Major urban centres | Gopalganj, Mirganj, Barauli, Kateya, Vijaipur. | |||
| Major crops | Rice, Wheat, groundnut, sugarcane | |||
| Major rivers | Gandak, Daha | |||
| Water Supply Resources | —- | |||
| Total no. of Blocks | 14 Blocks (Bhore, Gopalganj, Manjha, Uchkagaon, Kuchaikot, Kateya, Vijyapur, Barauli, Hathua, Baikunthpur, Phulwaria, Thawe, Panchdevari, Sindhwalia) | |||
| Demography (2011 census)
Provisional
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Total No. of HouseHold: | 4,13,044 | ||
| Population | Persons | Males | Females | |
| Total | 2562012 | 1267666 | 1294346 | |
| In the age group 0-6 years | 449530 | 230014 | 219516 | |
| Scheduled Castes (SC) | 320064 | 159265 | 160799 | |
| Scheduled Tribes (ST) | 60807 | 29833 | 30974 | |
| Literates | 1382998 | 793905 | 589093 | |
| Illiterate | 1179014 | 473761 | 705253 | |
| Total Worker | 728201 | 539586 | 188615 | |
| Main Worker | 363111 | 300336 | 62775 | |
| Main Worker – Cultivator | 138969 | 120197 | 18772 | |
| Main Worker – Agricultural Labourers | 108576 | 84113 | 24463 | |
| Main Worker – Household Industries | 12455 | 9186 | 3269 | |
| Main Worker – Other | 103111 | 86840 | 16271 | |
| Marginal Worker | 365090 | 239250 | 125840 | |
| Marginal Worker – Cultivator | 69990 | 46553 | 23437 | |
| Marginal Worker – Agriculture Labourers | 230090 | 145901 | 84189 | |
| Marginal Worker – Household Industries | 13594 | 8517 | 5077 | |
| Marginal Workers – Other | 51416 | 38279 | 13137 | |
| Marginal Worker (3-6 Months) | 284214 | 192706 | 91508 | |
| Marginal Worker – Cultivator (3-6 Months) | 52665 | 36153 | 16512 | |
| Marginal Worker – Agriculture Labourers (3-6 Months) | 178588 | 117620 | 60968 | |
| Marginal Worker – Household Industries (3-6 Months) | 10101 | 6532 | 3569 | |
| Marginal Worker – Other (3-6 Months) | 42860 | 32401 | 10459 | |
| Marginal Worker (0-3 Months) | 80876 | 46544 | 34332 | |
| Marginal Worker – Cultivator (0-3 Months) | 17325 | 10400 | 6925 | |
| Marginal Worker – Agriculture Labourers (0-3 Months) | 51502 | 28281 | 23221 | |
| Marginal Worker – Household Industries (0-3 Months) | 3493 | 1985 | 1508 | |
| Marginal Worker – Other Workers (0-3 Months) | 8556 | 5878 | 2678 | |
| Non Worker | 1833811 | 728080 | 1105731 | |
| Total Urban Population | ||||
| Total Rural population | ||||
| % of Scheduled Castes | ||||
| % of Scheduled tribes | ||||
| Sex ratio (females/1000 males) | 1,015 | |||
| Literacy Rate | Total | 53.98% | ||
| Males | 62.62% | |||
| Females | 45.51% | |||
| Area | The physical (geographical) area of the Gopalganj District approximates about 2033 sqr. Km. Total physical area can roughly be put in two categories i.e. Normal Area and Lowly Area (food infected area) parts of the six blocks like Gopalganj, Kuchaykot, Manjha, Sidhwalia, Barauli and Baikunthpur are flood affected areas.
These areas remain under water in the rainy season. But so far as cultivation and agriculture is concern these areas called stock of food grains. Rest of the parts is normal area with full greenery and cultivable land.
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| Climate | Climate of Gopalganj is the same as rest of Bihar and can be demarcated a normal climate.
Summer season – March to June. Rainy Season – July to October. Winter Season – November to February.Spring Season – February to March.
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| Temperature:- | Gopalganj falls within the zone of normal temperature. Normally temperature of the district varies between 10°c. – 30°c. in Winter and 30°c. – 40°c. in Summer.
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| Rainfall | Gopalganj is situated in the region of good rain fall. Manson touches the district normally in the second half of June and showers the district up to September. Good rain falls are the main reason for development of agriculture and vegetation. The average rain fall in the district is 1009 mm.
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| Soil | Soil found in the district mainly Clay Soil, Sandy Soil and Alluvial Soil Gangatic Soil.For agriculture and vegetation. This type of Soil is useful and important.
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| Fauna : | Animals widely found in the district are Cows, Buffaloes, Horses, Sheep, Goats and Pigs. These animals play an important role in the life of farmers. Some small wild animals like Nil Gay, Rabbits, Sahil, Jackals, Fox and Peacock are in the area within the district. Some times Deers, Elephants and Leopards and also seen within the district.
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| Irrigation | Planned irrigational facilities within the district are not sufficient. There are mainly two sources of irrigation systems. One is Gandak Canal and others is government tube well. Gandak Canal has two Divisions one is the Saran Canal Division Gopalganj and second is the Saran Canal Division Bhorey. The total net irrigated areas is 98,352.64 hqr these two irrigational systems coverless than 45% of the total cultivable land area of district. Farmers depend either upon Manson or private irrigational system i.e. Hand pump, Boring, Lift irrigation. Local waters storage or on Ponds for irrigation of there fields.
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| Flora | Gopalganj falls under greenbelt areas. Roughly all types of trees and plants are found in the district namely Babbul, Neem, Shisham, Mango, Sagwan, Katahal, Sal, Shakhuwa, Peepal, Bargad etc.
Unfortunately the people of Gopalganj due to lake of awareness are cutting trees without carrying for its bad impacts. Awareness about the ecological balance must be spread amount the general people specially the children.
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| Crops: | All types of food grains and crops are found in this region as Wheat, Paddy, Grams, Arahar, Maize, Sarso, Tishi, Potato, Sugar Cane etc. But Wheat, Paddy and Maize are the main crop of the district Gopalganj is also known for production of Green Vegetables, Fish, Sugar Cane, Milk and Milk products.
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| Education: | There are 835 Primary, 323 Middle and 51 High Schools. One Teachers Training College, One Government Polytechnic, One Homeopathic College, One ITI, Mirganj, One Sainik School, Hathua, One Central School, 4 Cons College etc. are situated in the district.
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| Economy | Industries | Sugar industries, vegetable oil, irrigation, etc. | ||
| Industrial centres | Gopalganj,SasaMusha,Sidhwalia,Hatua. | |||
| Main markets | Gopalganj, Mirganj | |||
| Main banking centres | Punjab National Bank,Canara bank,Allahabad bank,Kshtriya Gramin Bank,Co-operative bank Main bank: State Bank of India (Gopalganj) | |||
| Disaster vulnerability | Flood | Yes | ||
| Earthquake | No | |||
| Cyclone | No | |||
| Drought | No | |||
| Medical facilities | The District has 1 District Hospital, 3 Referral Hospital, 8 Primary Health Centers and 23 Additional Primary Health Centers to center the basic health needs for the district. Some times district is face drought like condition. The irrigational facilities are not sufficient. This causes the farmers to face the drought like condition | |||
| District Hospitals | 1 | |||
| Referral Hospitals | 3 | |||
| Primary Health Centers | 14 | |||
| Additional Primary Health Centers | 22 | |||
| Health Sub Centre | ||||
| Gramin Ausadhalay | 9 | |||
| AIDS Control Society | ||||
| Trained Nurses | ||||
| Trained Doctors | ||||
| Blood banks | 1 | |||
| Culture | Language | Bhojpuri is the local language. People speak in Hindi also. | ||
| Food | The staple food of the people is wheat, Litti and rice. | |||
| Transportation and communication | Post and telegraph services | 41 post offices, 11 telegraph offices | ||
| State highways passing through the district and road services | Major national and state highways pass through the district. The national highway NH28 that pass through Gopalganj (68Km): | |||
| Important railway stations and railway services | Gopalganj is a railway junction connected to Mumbai, New Delhi, Kolkata, Nagpur and Allahabad, Chennai etc. Thawe is a big junction in Gopalganj district. | |||
| Culture and Religion | Fairs and festivals : | All festivals like Durga – Pooja, Deepawali, Janamashtami, Kali Pooja, Sarswati Pooja, Nag Panchemi, Chhath Pooja, Shiv Ratri, Id, Bakarid, and Mohharam are celebrated with great religious enthusiasm spirit and harmony
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| Religious places : | Durga Mandir of Thawe is an important temple of Maa Durga situated at the Gopalganj – Siwan main road at Thawe Block. It is very famous temple people came from all parts of the districts and out side to pray the Goddess to full fitment of there dreams.
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| Languages/Dialects | Bhojpuri, Hindi | |||
| Banking | Nationalised Banks | 7 | ||
| Co-operative Banks | 2 | |||
| ATM facilities | 1. State Bank of India 2.Canara Bank, Gopalganj
3.Punjab National Bank. 4.Bank of India. 5.I.C.I.C.I Bank |
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Weakness of the District:–The District is suffering from major setback, Flood. The district faces flood form river Gandak that destroy standing Crops and human lives and cattle lives. Half of the blocks face flood during the rainy season. Partly or wholly. This cause threat to the recourses of the district. Although there is a Jamindari Bandh and protective Ring Bandh on the bank of river Gandak but the condition of the Bandh is worst and the District has to face a lots of problem to protect the Bandh. These Bandhs are repaired many times. |
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Tourist Places :
Thawe :
A village situated 6-kms south of Gopalganj, is a junction station of the North eastern Railway of the Masrakh -Thawe section and the Siwan- Gorakhpur loop-line. In the village there are remains of an old fort but the history of the fort is obscure. The King of Hathwa had a palace there but it is now in decadent state. Close by the residence of the Hathwa Raja there is an old temple dedicated to Goddess Durga. Within the enclosure of the temple there is a peculiar tree, the botanical family of which has not yet been identified. The tree has grown up like the cross. Various legends are prevalent in connection with the idol and the tree. Food for jackals is still offered in the nearby jungle and a big fair is annually held in the month of Chaitra (March -April).
Shri Pitambara Peeth :
Shri Pitambara Peeth is one of the most famous Shakti Peetha of Bagalamukhi, which is situated at Kuchaikote, 15 Kms from Gopalganj.
In Hinduism, Bagalamukhi is one of the ten mahavidyas (great wisdom). Bagalamukhi Devi bangs the devotee’s misconceptions and delusions with a bludgeon. The name literally means `crane-faced `. The name `Bagla` is a distortion of the original Sanskrit root `ValgA`. She is golden complexioned and her cloth is yellow. She sits in a golden throne in the midst of an ocean of nectar full of yellow lotuses. A crescent moon adorns her head. The goddess is described in two different ways in various texts- the `Dwi-BhujA` (two handed), and the `ChaturbhujA` (four handed). The Dwi-BhujA depiction is the more familiar and is described as the `soumya` pr milder form. She is shown holding a club in her right hand and with which she beats the demon, while pulling his tongue out with her left hand. This image is sometimes represented as an exposition of `sthambhana`, the power to stun or paralyze one’s enemy to silence. This is precisely one of the boons for which Bagalamukhi’s devotees worship her
Dighwa-Dubauli :
A village in the extreme east of the Gopalganj subdivision, 56 kms north of Chapra and 40 kms southeast of Gopalganj. It is also a railway station of the North-Eastern Railway of the Chapra – Mashrak Section. It is an ancient site and two extraordinary pyramidal-shaped mounds were found here. These two mounds are situated close to the southeast of the village, and east and west of each other. The western mound is situated almost adjoining the south eastern end of the village, and the eastern mound is situated at the distance of 640 feet to the southeast of the other, and close to the road. Each of these mounds is of a pyramidal shape, with four corners at the base projecting considerably outwards, so that a ground plan of one of these mounds would resemble a fore pointed star surmounted centrically by a cone. These mounds appeared to be formed of clay, but mixed with small fragments of brick and pottery. At the distance of 950 feet to the south of the eastern mound, there is a round-shaped mound of moderate height, with a horizontal diameter of about 200 feet from north to south, and about 140 feet from east to west. There is an old well here. Across the road to the north of the village there is a portion of the mound, which appears as if cut off by the road from the large flat mound, on which the village Dighwa Dubauli itself stands. These mounds are said to have been the works of Chero-Chai, i.e., of the Cheros, an aboriginal race who seem to have once been powerful in this part of the country, but who now inhabit the hills to the south of the Ganges
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