Khilji Dynasty (1290 -1320) in Indian History:
- Khilji dynasty was founded by Malik Firoz in 1290 and assumed the title Jalaluddin Khilji (1290- 96)
- In 1292 the Mongols under Abdulla accepted defeat from Jalaluddin Khilji.
- Alauddin Khilji, the nephew of Jalaluddin Khilji, killed him after his victory on Devagiri in 1296.
- Alauddin Khilji’s early name was Ali Gurushap.
- He became the Sulthan in 1296 AD and ruled till 1316 AD.
- In 1303 Alauddin Khilji attacked Chittor, the capital of Mewar, to marry Padmini the wife of Chittor king Ratna Singh.
- But Padmini and other Rajput women committed Juhar (Juhar is a mass suicide by Jumping into fire, committed by Rajput women to escape from being polluted by others)
- Padmavat is a historical kavya about Padmini episode written by Malik Muhammed Jayasi.
- Malik Muhammed Jayasi was the court poet of Shersha Suri.
- Alauddin Khilji was the first Muslim ruler to at track South India.
- Malik Kafur was Alauddin Khilji’s Commander who attacked South India.
- Alauddin Khilji was the most famous ruler of the Khilji Dynasty.
- Alauddin was the Sulthan of Delhi who banned the use of liquor.
- Alauddin had a dream of a World Conquest so he assumed the title ‘Sikhandar-i-sani’ or Second Alexander.
- Demitrius a Bactrian ruler is popularly known as Second Alexander.
- Alauddin abolished the Zamindari System and imposed tax on cattle.
- He was the first muslim ruler of Delhi to introduce measurement of land for tax assessment.
- His market regulations were to get goods at controlled price to the people of Delhi.
- Alauddin Khilji was the first Sulthan of Delhi who separated religion from politics.
- He was also the first to proclaim ‘‘I am the Khalifa’’.
- Alauddin constructed Alai Darwaza the gate way of Qutub Minar.
- He built the city of Siri, the second of the seven cities of Delhi, near Qutub Minar.
- The first marriage between a muslim ruler and a Hindu princess was between Alauddin and Kamala Devi, the widow of the ruler of Gujarat.
- Alauddin Khilji was killed by his commander Malik Kafur by poisoning.
- Amir Khusru was the court poet of Alauddin
- Amir Khusru is known as the ‘Parrot of India’
- He is considered as the father of Urdu language and the inventor of Sitar.
- Laila Majnu and Tughlaq Nama are the famous works of Amir Khusru.
- Alauddin khilji was the first Sulthan to maintain a permanent standing army.
- Alauddin Khilji was responsible for the introduction of postal system in medieval India.
- Mubarak shah khilji was the last ruler of the khilji Dynasty.
- Khilji dynasty came to an end when the Mubarak shah Khilji was killed by Khusrau Khan.
- Some historians consider Khusrau Khan as the last Khilji Sulthan.
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