The Revolt of 1857 in Indian History:

• The Great Mutiny of 1857 took place during the period of Lord Canning.
• The Centres and Leaders of the Revolt
  Lucknow – Begum Hazrat Mahal
  Kanpur – Nana Saheb
  Delhi – General Bhaktkhan
  Bihar – Kunwar Singh
  Jhansi – Rani Lekshmi Bai
  Faridabad – Maulavi Ahmmadulla
  Bareili – Khan Bahadur

Major Tribal Movements
Tribe                       Area                     Year
Chuars                   W.Bengal 1768 – 1832
Bhils                       Khandesh 1818 – 1848 – Sevaram
Hos                         Chotanagpur 1820-1832
Kolis                      Sahyadri hillis 1824 – 48
Kharies                Khasi hils 1829 – 32 – Tirut Singh and Barmanik
Singh Phos        Assam 1830 – 39
Kols                      Chotanagpur 1831 – 32 – Budho Bagat
Kayar                   Andhra Pradesh 1840 – 1924 – Alluri Sitaram Raju
Kachnagar         Assam 1882 – Sambudhan
Ahom                 Assam 1828 – 33 – Gomdhar Konovar
Khonds             Orissa 1846 – 1914 Chattre Bisayi
Santhals           Rajmahal Hills 1855 – 56 Sidhu and Kanhu
Naikadas          Gujarat 1858 – 68 Rup Singh Jogia Bhagat
Mundas            Chotanagpur 1899 – 1900 Birsa Munda
Bhils                 South Rajasthan 1933 Govind Guru
Oraons            Chotanagpur 1914 – 1915 Jatra Bhagat
Kukis              Manipur 1917 – 19 Rani Gaidinlue
Rampa           Andhra Pradesh 1916 – Alluri Sitaram Raju

• The revolt of 1857 ended in failure but it promoted the spirit of Nationalism and Patriotism.
• The 19th Native Infantry at Berhampur which refused to use the greased Cartridge and the enfield rifle, started mutiny in February 26, 1857.
• The first shot was fired on March 29 by Mangal Pandey (of Ballia, UP) of the 14th Bengal Infantry at Barrakpore of Bengal.
• Mangal Pandey was hanged to death on 29 March 1857.
• May 10, 1857 witnessed the real mutiny at Meerut then in Delhi on 11th May.
• The first British to loose his life was Col.Finnis Meerut.
• Bahadurshah II surrendered to Lt. W.S.R. Hodson on September 21, 1957 at Humayun’s Tomb in Delhi.
• The capture of Delhi and the proclamation of Bahadurshah as the Emperor of Hindustan gave a positive political meaning to the revolt.
• The immediate cause for the 1857 revolt was the introduction of the greased Catridges.
• Educated middle class section of Indian population did not support the revolt fo 1857.
• As a result of the revolt of 1857 the then Governor General Lord Canning was appointed as the Viceroy of India.
• On November 1, 1858 a proclamation was made by the Queen to the people of India in eighteeen languages.
• ‘‘The best and the bravest military leader of the rebels’’ sir Hugh Ross said this about Rani of Jhansi.
• The original name of Rani of Jhansi was Mani Karnika.
• The administration by Indian civil service officers started as a result of the Queen’s proclamation.
• The revolt was completely crusted in 1858.
• Benjamin Disraeli described the revolt as a ‘‘National Rising’’.
• V.D. Savarkar in his book ‘‘First war of Independence’’ called it ‘‘The First War of Independence’’.
• ‘‘Eighteen Fifty Seven’’ is a book written by Surendra Nath Sen.

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