The Viceroys of Indian History:
Lord Canning (1856 – 62)
- Revolt of 1857.
- Queen Victoria’s Proclamation and passing of the Indian Act of 1858.
- Withdrawal of the ‘Doctrine of Lapse’ in 1859, which was passed by Lord Dalhousie.
- Foundation of the Universities of Calcutta, Bombay and Madras in 1857.
- Indigo Revolt in Bengal in 1859-60.
- White Mutiny by the European troops of East India Company in 1859.
- Bahadurshah II was sent to Rangoon
- Enactment of Indian Penalcode.
- Indian Councils Act of 1861.
- Enactment of Indian Code of Criminal Procedure.
Lord Elgin (1862 – 63)
- Supressed the Wahabi Movement
Sir John Lawrence (1864 – 69)
- Famine commission was constituted.
- Followed a policy of rigid non-interference in Afghanistan called policy of masterly inactivity
- Set up highcourts in Calcutta Bombay and Madras (1865).
Lord Mayo (1869-72)
- Wahabi and Kuka movements were active.
- Mayo was murdered
Lord Lytton (1876-80)
- Passing of the Royal Titles Act of 1876 and the assumption of the title empress of India (Qaiser-ihind) by Queen Victoria
- Holding of Delhi Durbar in 1877.
- Passing of the Vernacular Press Act of 1878.
- Passing of the Arms Act of 1878.
- Lowering of maximum age from 21 years to 19 years for the Civil Services Examination, an attempt to prevent Indians from entering Civil Services.
- Appointment of first Famine Commission under Sir Richard Strachy.
- Started Statutory Civil Service.
- Second Anglo Afghan war in 1878.
Lord Ripon (1880-84)
- Passing of the first Factory Act in 1881 for the welfare of child labour.
- Repeal of Vernacular Press Act in 1882.
- Foundation of the Local Self Government (1882)
- Holding of the first decennial and regular census in 1881 which put the total population at 254 million.
- Appointment of an Education Commission under Sir William Hunter in 1882.
- The Ilbert bill controversy.
- Famine code of 1883.
Lord Dufferin (1884 – 88)
- Foundation of Indian National Congress
- Third Anglo Burmese war
- Commented on the Congress being a microscopic minority
Lord Curzon (1899-1905)
- Creation of a new province called the North West Frontier Province.
- Appointment of Universities Commission in 1902 under Sir Thoma Releigh and passing of Indian Universities Act 1904.
- Partition of Bengal
Lord Hardinge (1910-1916)
- Coronation durbar in 1911 at Delhi in honour of George V
- A separate state of Bihar and Orissa was created in 1911.
- India’s capital was decided to shift to Delhi in 1911 and shifted in 1912.
- Kamagata Maru incident.
- 1916, Saddler committee on Univerisities appointed.
- Tilak founded Home Rule League.
Lord Chelmsford (1916 – 21)
- Foundation of women’s university at Poona.
- Hunter Commission on Jalianwala Bagh Massacre.
- Chamber of Princes established in 1921.
- Home Rule League founded by Annie Besant.
- Third Afghan war started.
- Aligarh Muslim University was founded in 1920.
Lord Reading (1921-26)
- Foundation of Rashtriya Swayam Sevak Sangh by K.B. Hedgewar at Nagpur in 1925.
- Beginning of Indianisation of the officers cadre of the Indian Army.
- Railway Budget was separated from General Budget in 1921.
- Hilton Young Committee on currency was appointed in 1926.
- Viswa Bharati University started by Rabindra Nath Tagore.
- Train Robbery at Kakori.
Lord Irwin (1926-31)
- Popularly known as Christian Viceroy.
- Simon Commission arrives in Bombay.
- Meerut conspiracy case.
- Gandhi started his Dandi March.
- Chitagong Armoury Raid.
- First Round Table Conference.
- Gandhi-Irwin pact.
Lord Willington (1931-36)
- Communal Award in 1932 by Ramsay Mac Donald.
- Third Round Table Conference in 1932.
- White Paper on Political reforms in India was published in 1933.
- Burma was separated from British Empire in 1935.
Lord Linlithgow (1936-43)
- August Offer by the Viceroy in which he declared dominion status as the ultimate goal of British policy in India.
- In 1940 individual Civil Disobedience Movement was started
- 1942 Cripps Mission came.
- Congress starts Quit India Movement.
Lord Wavell (1943-47)
- Wavell Plan, Shimla conference Congress represented by Maulana Azad
- RIN Mutiny (1946)
- Interim Government was formed (September 2, 1946)
- Prime Minister of Britain Clement Atlee announced to give independence to India by June 1948.
- Cabinet Mission 1946.
- 16th August 1946, Muslim League begins ‘Direct Action day’.
Lord Mountbatten (1947-48)
- His plan to make India free on August 15 1947 is also known as June 3rd Plan.
- First Governor General of free India
Rajagopalachari (1948-50)
- First Indian Governor General.
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