Tughlaq Dynasty (1320 – 1412) in Indian History:
- Tughlaq Dynasty was founded by Ghiazuddin Tughlaq. His real name was Ghazi Malik.
- Ghiasuddin Tughlaq founded the dynasty after killing Khuzru Khan in 1320.
- Ghiazuddin died by the collapse of a pavilion
- He built the Tughlaqabad Fort in Delhi the third city of Delhi to the east of Qutub complex.
- Ghiassudhin Tughlaq was the first Sulthan to start irrigation works.
- GhiassuddinTughlaq was succeeded by his son Jauna Khan, popularly known as Muhammed Bin Tughlaq.
- Muhammed Bin Tughlaq is considered as the single most responsible person for the decline of Delhi Sulthanate.
- Muhammed Bin Tughlaq was known as a mixture of opposites, wisest fool, Pagal padushah, unfortunate idealogue and the predecessor of Akbar in intellectual and religious matters.
- Ibn Batuta called him ‘‘an illstared idealist’’.
- He shifted his capital from Delhi to Devagiri (Daulatabad) in 1327.
- In 1330 he introduced token currency of bronze and copper.
- Moroccan Traveller Ibn Batuta visited India during his period.
- Edward Thanas described him as ‘prince of moneyers’.
- Muhammed Bin Tughlaq was succeeded by his elderly cousin, Firoz Shah Tughlaq.
- Firoz Shah Tughlaq was the first Sulthan of Delhi to impose Jaziya. It was a religious tax for the freedom of worship. He imposed it only upon Brahmins.
- He built the city of Firozbad in Delhi. The Firoz shah Kotla was also built by him. The gate way of Firozshah Kottla is Khooni Darwaza, or blood stained gate. It was constructed by Shersha Suri.
- He transplanted two Ashokan Pillars to Firozabad.
- He is the author of Fatuhat -i- Firozshahi
- After Firozshah Tughlaq Muhammed Shah Tughlaq or Naziruddin Muhammed came to the throne.
- It was during the period of his reign that Timur the Lame or Tamerlain a Turkish conqueror of Tartar tribe from Samarkhand attacked India in 1398.
- Timur appointed Khizr Khan, the governor of Multan his authority in India.
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