HUMAN RIGHTS & DUTIES
PAPER – III
Note : This paper contains seventy five (75) objective type questions of two (2) marks each. All questions are compulsory.
1. International Human Rights law emerged as a distinct field of international law only in the aftermath of the :
(A) First world war
(B) Second world war
(C) Cold war
(D) Vietnam war
2. Who said “Freedom is always the freedom of dissenters” ?
(A) J.S. Mill
(B) Rosa Luxemberg
(C) Karl Marx
(D) Gramsei
3. The Paris Principles adopted by the UN General Assembly in December 1993, are related to :
(A) International Human Rights Institutions
(B) National Human Rights Institutions
(C) International Military Tribunals
(D) International Non-governmental Organisations
4. Who said that religion is like opium to common man ?
(A) St. Thomas Aquinas
(B) Karl Marx
(C) Mao Tse Dong
(D) Hegel
5. A human rights based approach to development makes people
(A) active agents of decision making
(B) passive objects of choices made
(C) static recipients of governments policy decisions
(D) upwardly mobile citizens of a state
6. Which article is common to all four Geneva Conventions of 1949 relating to protection of victims of armed conflict ?
(A) Article 1
(B) Article 2
(C) Article 3
(D) Article 4
7. Which article of the Universal Declaration on the Human Genome and Human Rights 1997 says that “Human Genome in its natural state shall not give rise to financial gains” ?
(A) Article 3
(B) Article 4
(C) Article 6
(D) Article 8
8. Gender budgeting refers to :
(A) budget prepared by women
(B) budget prepared to advocate and crystallize gender specific roles
(C) budget prepared to highlight gender related statistics
(D) budget prepared to accomplish gender equality and gender based human development.
9. “Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible.” This statement is taken from which article of UDHR ?
(A) Article 28
(B) Article 29
(C) Article 30
(D) Article 31
10. Which one of the following provisions of the UDHR is not a fundamental right under the Indian Constitution ?
(A) Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.
(B) No one shall be subjected to torture or cruel, in human or degrading treatment or punishment.
(C) Everyone has the right to recognise everywhere as a person before the law.
(D) Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.
11. When the community development programme was launched ?
(A) January 26, 1950
(B) October 2, 1952
(C) August 15, 1952
(D) January 26, 1952
12. Convention for the protection of cultural property in the event of armed conflict was adopted at the Hague on 14 May 1954 by an international conference of states convened by :
(A) ICRC
(B) UNICEF
(C) UNESCO
(D) ECOSOC
13. The optional protocol to the international covenant on economic, social and cultural rights entered into force on :
(A) 5th May, 2013
(B) 6th May, 2013
(C) 5th May, 2014
(D) 6th May, 2014
14. Which provision of the ICCPR was used by the Human Rights Committee in support of progressive development towards the abolition of death penalty ?
(A) Article 1
(B) Article 4
(C) Article 6
(D) Article 8
15. India is not signatory to :
(A) International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)
(B) Optional Protocol to the ICCPR
(C) International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR)
(D) Convention on the Rights of the Child.
16. Which is not an additional reason for the grant of refugee status as per the OAU Convention governing the specific aspects of refugee problems in Africa ?
(A) External aggression
(B) Occupation
(C) Foreign Domination
(D) Systematic Violation of Human Rights
17. According to World Health Organization (WHO), how much of water per person per day is needed to ensure that the most basic needs are met and few health concerns arise ?
(A) Between 50 and 100 litres
(B) Between 100 and 150 litres
(C) Between 150 and 200 litres
(D) Between 200 and 250 litres
18. We have borrowed the directive principles of state policy from the constitution of
(A) U.S.A.
(B) U.K.
(C) U.S.S.R.
(D) Ireland
19. Which one of the following is a hybrid court ?
(A) International Criminal Tribunal for former Yugoslavia
(B) International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
(C) International Criminal Court
(D) Special Court for Sierra Leone
20. The appeal chamber of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda is located in :
(A) Arusha
(B) Geneva
(C) Kigali
(D) The Hague
21. Which among the following neighboring countries of India is party to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court ?
(A) China
(B) Pakistan
(C) Nepal
(D) Bangladesh
22. Which article of the Declaration on the Right to Development adopted by the UN in 1986 states that states shall take resolute steps to eliminate human rights violations arising from apartheid and racial discrimination ?
(A) Article 2
(B) Article 3
(C) Article 4
(D) Article 5
23. In which of the following cases was the right to livelihood pronounced as an integral facet of right to life ?
(A) Minerva Mills v/s Union of India, AIR 1980 SC 1789
(B) Waman Rao v/s Union of India, AIR 1981 SC 271
(C) Keswanand Bharati v/s State of Kerala, AIR 1973 SC 1461
(D) Narendra Kumar v/s State of Haryana, JT (1994), 2 SC 94
24. Which article of the European Convention for Protection of Human Rights and Biomedicine, 1997 says that the use of techniques of medically assisted procreation shall not be allowed for the purpose of choosing a future child’s sex except where serious hereditary sex-related disease is to be avoided ?
(A) Article 10
(B) Article 11
(C) Article 12
(D) Article 14
25. According to Article 8 of the Statute of the ICTY it has jurisdiction over crimes that were committed in the territory of the former Yugoslavia before :
(A) 1st January 1989
(B) 1st January 1990
(C) 1st January 1991
(D) 1st January 1992
26. In which situation may the International Criminal Court not exercise its jurisdiction ?
(A) Referral of a case by a state party
(B) Referral of a case by the UN Security Council
(C) Prosecutor initiated case
(D) Referral of a case by a non-state party
27. Which one of the following crimes is not listed in elements of crimes against humanity under the ICTY statute ?
(A) Murder
(B) Extermination
(C) Enslavement
(D) Enforced disappearance of person
28. Motilal Nehru Committee Report of 1928 made important recommendations regarding
(A) Minorities
(B) Dravidians
(C) Scheduled tribes
(D) Hindus
29. The preventive detention regime in India is governed by :
(A) Article 21 of the Constitution.
(B) Article 22 of the Constitution.
(C) Article 23 of the Constitution.
(D) Article 24 of the Constitution.
30. Power of the Parliament to legislate for giving effect to international agreement is provided under which article of the Constitution of India ?
(A) Article 250
(B) Article 252
(C) Article 253
(D) Article 248
31. Which article of the Constitution is not directly related to the implementation of any international treaty/convention ?
(A) Article 21
(B) Article 51
(C) Article 73
(D) Article 253
32. Which one of the following is a constitutionally designated commission ?
(A) National Commission for Minorities
(B) National Commission for Scheduled Castes
(C) National Commission for Women
(D) National Human Rights Commission
33. In Aruna Shanbaug case, the Supreme Court allowed a form of euthanasia only after higher judiciary’s consideration of each prospective case :
(A) Involuntary active euthanasia
(B) Involuntary passive euthanasia
(C) Voluntary active euthanasia
(D) Voluntary passive euthanasia
34. Bio-ethics is a branch of knowledge concerned with
(A) ethical study of biology
(B) human rights approach to ethics of the body
(C) ethical and human rights approach to medical and scientific experiment
(D) ethical approach to promoting scientific temper
35. Which article has prohibited the employment of children under 14 years of age in factories, etc. ?
(A) Article 22
(B) Article 23
(C) Article 24
(D) Article 25
36. Arrange the following constitutional developments in sequence of their occurrence :
I. Sapru Committee Report
II. Nehru Committee Report
III. Montague – Chelmsford Reforms
IV. Minto – Marley Reforms
Codes :
(A) I, II, III, IV
(B) IV, III, II, I
(C) II, I, IV, III
(D) III, II, I, IV
37. Arrange the following European Human Rights instruments chronologically :
I. European Convention on Human Rights
II. European Social Charter
III. European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages
IV. Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
Codes :
(A) IV, III, II, I
(B) II, I, III, IV
(C) I, II, III, IV
(D) III, IV, II, I
38. Arrange the following Regional Human Rights instruments in the chronological order of their adoption :
I. American Convention on Human Rights
II. African Charter on Human and People’s Rights
III. Arab Charter on Human Rights
IV. European Convention on Human Rights
Codes :
(A) I, II, III, IV
(B) II, III, IV, I
(C) III, II, I, IV
(D) IV, I, II, III
39. Arrange the following rights enshrined in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights in order of sequence :
I. Rights of minorities
II. Right to life
III. Right to liberty and security of person
IV. Right to self-determination
Codes :
(A) I, II, III, IV
(B) II, III, I, IV
(C) III, I, II, IV
(D) IV, II, III, I
40. Arrange the following crimes in sequence of their listing under the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court :
I. Crime of aggression
II. Crime of Genocide
III. Crime against humanity
IV. War crimes
Codes :
(A) I, II, III, IV
(B) II, III, IV, I
(C) III, I, II, IV
(D) IV, I, II, III
41. Arrange the names of the Chairpersons of the National Commission for Women in sequence of their term :
I. V. Mohini Giri
II. Poornima Advani
III. Jayanti Patnaik
IV. Mamta Sharma
Codes :
(A) I, II, III, IV
(B) II, I, III, IV
(C) III, I, II, IV
(D) IV, I, II, III
42. Arrange the following instruments relating to regulation of armed conflicts in order of their adoption :
I. Optional Protocol on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict
II. Geneva Protocol on Asphyxiating or Poisonous Gases
III. Convention on Cluster Munitions
IV. Geneva Convention on the Wound, Sick and Shipwrecked of Armed Forces at Sea.
Codes :
(A) I, II, III, IV
(B) IV, III, II, I
(C) III, IV, I, II
(D) II, IV, I, III
43. Arrange the following in Indian legislations relating to the rights of disabled people in chronological order :
I. The Persons Disabilities Act
II. The Rehabilitation Council of India Act
III. Mental Health Act
IV. The Juvenile Justice Act
Codes :
(A) I, II, III, IV
(B) IV, III, II, I
(C) III, IV, II, I
(D) III, II, I, IV
44. Arrange the following revolutions in sequence of their occurrence :
I. French Revolution
II. Russian Revolution
III. American Revolution
IV. Iranian Revolution
Codes :
(A) III, I, II, IV
(B) IV, III, II, I
(C) II, I, IV, III
(D) I, II, III, IV
45. Arrange the following in the chronological order and choose the correct code :
I. The Charter of the United Nations
II. Declaration on the granting of independence to colonial countries and peoples
III. Declaration on the protection of all persons from torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
IV. Basic principles for treatment of prisoners
Codes :
(A) II, I, III, IV
(B) I, II, III, IV
(C) I, II, IV, III
(D) I, III, II, IV
46. Arrange the following according to the chronology and choose the correct answer :
I. European Social Charter
II. European convention on the legal status of children born out of wedlook
III. European convention on the legal status of migrant workers
IV. European agreement on transfer of responsibility for refugees
Codes :
(A) I, II, III, IV
(B) I, II, IV, III
(C) I, III, II, IV
(D) I, IV, III, II
47. Arrange the following in the chronological order and choose the correct answer :
I. International convention on the suppression and punishment of the crime of apartheid.
II. International convention on the elimination of all forms of racial discrimination
III. International convention on the protection of the rights of all migrant workers and members of their families.
IV. International convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against woman.
Codes :
(A) I, II, III, IV
(B) II, III, I, IV
(C) II, I, IV, III
(D) II, I, III, IV
From Question Numbers 48 to 60 match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer with the help of codes given :
52.
Question Nos. 61 to 70 contain two statements each. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). Examine whether the statements are correct and related to each other with the help of the codes given below :
61. Assertion (A) : Fundamental rights are justiciable but directive principles are not.
Reason (R) : Directive principles impose positive duties on state.
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is correct and (R) is not correct.
(D) (A) is not correct and (R) is correct.
62. Assertion (A) : Accused persons shall, have in exceptional circumstances, be segregated from convicted persons and shall be subject to separate treatment appropriate to their status as unconvicted persons.
Reason (R) : A person is innocent unless proved guilty.
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is correct and (R) is not correct.
(D) (A) is not correct and (R) is correct.
63. Assertion (A) : The universal declaration of human rights states a common understanding of the peoples of the world concerning the inalienable and inviolable rights of all members of the human family.
Reason (R) : Peace and Justice are the universal aspiration of mankind.
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is correct and (R) is not correct.
(D) (A) is not correct and (R) is correct.
64. Assertion (A) : All states shall take effective measures to prevent and eliminate discrimination on the grounds of religion or belief in the recognition, exercise and enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms in all fields of civil, economic, political, social and cultural life.
Reason (R) : One of the basic principles of the UN Charter is that of dignity and equality inherent in all human beings.
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is correct and (R) is not correct.
(D) (A) is not correct and (R) is correct.
65. Assertion (A) : Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own and to return to his country, everyone has the right to seek and enjoy in other countries asylum from prosecution.
Reason (R) : Right to movement is one of the important human rights.
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is correct and (R) is not correct.
(D) (A) is not correct and (R) is correct.
66. Assertion (A) : Workers and employers, without distinction what so ever, shall have the right to establish and subject only to the rules of the organisation concerned, to join organisations of their own choosing without previous authorisation.
Reason (R) : Workers and employers have common interests.
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is correct and (R) is not correct.
(D) (A) is not correct and (R) is correct.
67. Assertion (A) : Article 4 of the declaration on the right to development proclaims that states have the duty to take steps individually and collectively, to formulate international development policies with a view to facilitating to the full realization
of the right to development.
Reason (R) : The right to development is an inalienable human right.
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is correct and (R) is not correct.
(D) (A) is not correct and (R) is correct.
68. Assertion (A) : If death is in a patient’s best interest then death constitutes a moral good.
Reason (R) : Euthanasia, or the right to die with dignity, is a legal right in the Netherlands and Belgium.
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is correct and (R) is incorrect.
(D) (A) is incorrect and (R) is correct.
69. Assertion (A) : Although women constitute two-thirds of the refugee population world over, the 1951 refugee convention is gender-blind.
Reason (R) : Women enjoy freedom of movement in all continents of the world.
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is correct and (R) is incorrect.
(D) (A) is incorrect and (R) is correct.
70. Assertion (A) : “Human development, if not engendered, is endangered.”
Reason (R) : Participation and empowerment of women in national budget has progressively improved in India.
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is correct and (R) is incorrect.
(D) (A) is incorrect and (R) is correct.
Read the passage given below and answer the questions from 71 to 75 that follow, based on your understanding of the passage :
The complex interface of class, caste and gender is rooted in the way capitalism had grown in India.
Indian capitalism in the 50 years since Independence grew on the foundations of pockets of Green Revolution and stretches of poverty. This is the foundation for the prevailing structures of deprivation and inequalities. Hence the bulk of the poor are not only landless, poor peasants and unorganized workers, but also are from the scheduled castes, backward classes and scheduled tribes and among the poor households women suffer more and in general women suffer more from poverty. Thus understanding of poverty is incomplete without seeing the interface of caste, class and gender.
The most significant source of power is no doubt related to class or with the control over means of production such as land and industry. But social history had created patterns of relationship based on certain values and beliefs rooted in social conditions. Caste order and patriarchy embodied values and beliefs operating in the social structure. To treat them purely as ideologies which can be transformed with a change in consciousness is to ignore their social roots. The distinction among castes was also related to division of labour and its justification in ideological and cultural terms. The lower castes (shudras) engaged in manual labour on land and the outcastes (atishudras) performed manual labour which was considered to be of a degrading kind. The upper castes performed activities – intellectual (Brahman), administrative (Kshatriya) and trade related (vaishya) ; all three castes had control over means of production. Thus caste and class were interconnected throughout history. The distinction between them, however, lay in the fact that the ideology of karma provided a justification for the caste order. It was said that those who committed sins in the previous birth were born in the lower castes. On the other hand, mode of production defined a class in terms of its control or lack of control over means of production. The actual social practice related the two.
Gender too is related to class and caste. Division of labour between men and women evolved in course of history. Alongwith power relations men performed crucial roles in the production system and acquired greater power in the society over centuries of evolution of class and caste society. The status of women as a dependent section on men, they performing mainly household work and producing children and nurturing them was the outcome of a long period of feudal and capitalist social history. Religious and caste ideology reinforced the evolution of this trend. The practice among shudras and the so-called outcastes and tribals already had relatively high degree of equality between men and women. Both participated in productive manual labour
in agriculture and forest economy. Hence the caste order was discriminatory towards women more among the upper and middle castes than among the lower castes. Like racism caste too was a system of social hierarchy and was therefore a target of politics of transformation.
71. The study of interface of class, caste and gender is essential to :
(A) the growth of capitalism in India
(B) the process of policy analysis
(C) the understanding of poverty in India
(D) promote rights based approach and political analysis
72. Among the categories of caste, class and gender, which is a significant source of power ?
(A) Caste, because it is based on division of labour and social hierarchy
(B) Class, because of its control over means of production
(C) Gender, because of its control over reproduction
(D) Caste and class, because they combine justification in ideological and cultural terms.
73. The prevailing structures of deprivation and inequalities in India are a result of :
(A) inadequate participation of women in agriculture and industry.
(B) intermingling of caste and class
(C) rigid social hierarchy based on division of labour
(D) the lopsided growth of capitalism in India
74. Ascendancy of patriarchy in terms of power is because :
(A) women were physically weak.
(B) women were focusing on producing children.
(C) men performed crucial roles in the production system.
(D) men were physically aggressive.
75. Discrimination and inequality based on gender is caste specific. It is more evident among :
(A) the rich capitalist classes
(B) the tribal communities
(C) the outcastes and lower castes
(D) the upper and middle castes
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