Round Table Conferences in Indian History:
- The British government organised the First Round Table Conference at London to discuss the Simon Commission Report.
- The first Round Table Conference was from 12 Nov. 1930 to 19 January 1931.
- British Prime Minister Ramsay Mac Donald presided over the First Round Table Conference.
- The first Round Table Conference was attended by Tej Bahadur Supru B.R. Ambedkar, Muhammed Shafi, M.A. Jinnah etc. Gandhiji did not participate in it.
- As a result of the Gandhi Irwin pact (1931) Congress decided to stop the Civil Disobedience Movement.
- Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed on 5th March 1931.
- The Second Round Table Conference started in London on 7 September 1931. It was attended by 107 Indians including Gandhiji.
- The Second Round Table Conference was a failure. So the Civil Disobedience movement was restarted on 3rd January 1932.
- Sarojini Naidu participated in the Second Round Table Conference.
- The Communal Award was announced on August 16, 1932 by British Prime Minister Ramsay Mac Donald.
- By the Communal Award minority communities were given Separate Communal Electroates.
- The Communal Award was opposed by Gandhiji and he decided to go on fast unto death.
- The Third and the last Round Table Conference was held between Nov. 17 and December 24, 1932.
- The Third Round Table Conference agreed upon certain broad principles for the future constitutional set up: Which were published later as ‘white paper’ (March 1933)
- The Poona Pact was signed on 25 September 1932 at Bombay. By this the separate electorate for de-pressed classes was abolished.
- Harijan upliftment now became Gandhiji’s main concern. He started an All India Anti-Untouchability League in September 1932 and the weekly Harijan in January 1933. The January 8, 1933 was observed as ‘‘Temple Entry Day’’.
- Only Indian to participate all the three Round Table conference was B.R. Ambedkar.
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