MISREYA
Misreya consists of dried ripe fruits of Foeniculum vulgare Mill (Fam. Umbelliferm) , an erect, glabrous, aromatic herb, 1-2 m high, cultivated extensively throughout India upto 1830 m and also sometimes found wild, fruits ripen in September, stems cut with sickles and put up in loose sheaves to dry in sun, when dry, fruits are beaten out in a cloth in sun, cleaned by winnowing and collected.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Misi, Misi, Madhurika
Assamese : Guvamuri
Bengali : Marui, Panmauri
English : Fannel Fruit
Gujrati : Variyali
Hindi : Saunf
Kannada : Badisompu, Doddasompu
Kashmiri : Sanuf, Badnai
Malayalam : Kattusatakuppa, Parinjmragum
Marathi : Badishop
Oriya : Panamadhuri
Punjabi : Saunf
Tamil : Shombu
Telugu : Sopu
Urdu : Saunf
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Fruits, usually entire with pedicel attached, mericarps, upto about 10 mm long and 4 mm broad, five sided with a wider commissural surface, tapering lightly towards base and apex, crowned with a conical stylopod, glabrous, greenish or yellowish-brown with five paler prominent primary ridges , endosperm, orthospermous.
b) Microscopic
Transverse section of fruit shows pericarp with outer epidermis of quadrangular to polygonal cells with smooth cuticle and a few stomata, trichomes, absent vittm, 4 dorsal and 2 commissural extending with length of each mericarp, intercostal with an epithelium of brown cells and volatile oil in cavity, mesocarp, with much reticulate lignified parenchyma, costm, 5 in each mericarp, each with 1vascular strand having inner xylem strand and 2 lateral phloem strands separated by a bundle of fibres inner epidermis of very narrow, thin-walled cells arranged parallel to one another in groups of 5-7, many of these groups with longer axis of their cells at angle with those of adjacent groups (Parquetry arrangement), endosperm consists of thick-walled, cellulosic parenchyma containing much fixed oil, micro-rosette crystals of calcium oxalate, and numerous aleurone grains upto 5 n in diameter, carpophore with very thick-walled sclerenchyma in two strands, often unsplit with two strands very close to each Other.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 12 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 15 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 4 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 1 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
Volatile oil Not less than 1.4 per centv/w, Appendix 2.2.10
CONSTITUENTS – Essential oil and fixed oil.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Katu, Tikta
Guna : Laghu, Ruksa
Virya : Sita
Vipaka : Madhura
Karma : Anulomana, Balya, Dipana, Vatapittahara, Amadosahara
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Misreyarka, Pancasakara Curna
THERAPEUTIC USES – Sula, Agnimandya, Kasa, Pravahika, Raktadosa, Arsas
DOSE – 3-6 g. of the drug in powder form.
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