IKSU (Stem)
Iksu consists of the dried stem of Saccharum officinarum Linn. (Fam. Poacem), a shrub, grown and generally cultivated in all hotter parts and in warm climate throughout India.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Iksu
Assamese : Kusiyar
Bengali : Ganna
English : Sugarcane
Gujrati : Sherdi, Serdi
Hindi : Ikha, Ganna
Kannada : Kabbu
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Karumbu, Karimpu
Marathi : Ush
Oriya : Akhu
Punjabi : Ganna
Tamil : Karumbu
Telugu : Gheraku
Urdu : Ganna, Naishkar
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Stem upto 6 m high, cylindrical, solid, with, distinct node and internode, 3-8-12 cm long and 2-4 cm in dia; smooth, shining and polished pale or dark green to dark yellow, red violet and often striped having a bud at each node; odour, characteristic; taste, juicy and sweet.
b) Microscopic
Stem – Shows a single layered epidermis consisting of thick-walled, lignified, rectangular cells followed by 2-3 layers of sclerenchymatous hypodermis; ground tissue consisting of thin-walled, parenchymatous cells having a number of collateral, conjoint, closed type of vascular bundles, scattered throughout the ground tissue, more numerous and closer towards periphery; each vascular bundle surrounded by a fibrous sheath of sclerenchyma, thickness of the sheath gradually decreasing in the bundles towards the centre; besides the xylem and phloem elements, each bundle surrounds a water containing cavity.
Powder – Powder light brick red; shows pieces of epidermis, ground tissue, vessels and sclerenchyma.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 6 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 2.5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 15 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 17 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
CONSTITUENTS – Sucrose.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura
Guna : Guru, Sara, Snigdha
Virya : Sita
Vipaka : Madhura
Karma : Brmhana, Balya, Kaphahara, Pittahara, Vatahara, Vrsya, Mutrala
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Bala Taila, Navaratnarajamrganka Rasa.
THERAPEUTIC USES – Raktapitta, Mutra Ksaya.
DOSE – 200 – 400 ml in the juice form.
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