SALI (Root)
Sali consists of dried root of Oryza sativa Linn. (Fam. Poacem); an annual herb, cultivated throughout India.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Dhanya, Vrihi, Nivara
Assamese : —
Bengali : Chaval, Dhana, Cala, Chawl, Sali, Dhan
English : Rice, Paddy
Gujrati : Shalichokha, Bhata, Corava, Damgara, Coke
Hindi : Chaval, Dhana
Kannada : Bhatto, Nellu, Bhatta, Akki
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Ari, Nellu
Marathi : Tandulamul, Dhanarmul, Bhata Chamul
Oriya : —
Punjabi : Dhan, Jhona
Tamil : Arishi, Nelver
Telugu : Dhanyamu, Odalu, Biyyamu
Urdu : Chaval, Biranj
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Root fibrous, thin, cylindrical, 5-15 cm in length and 0.05-0.1 cm thick with a few rootlets, soft, smooth; creamish-brown to greyish-brown.
b) Microscopic
Root – Shows single layered epidermis consisting of thin-walled, rectangular cells with a few unicellular root hairs; exodermis 1-2 layered, composed of thick-walled, sclerenchymatous cells; cortex differentiated into three zones; outer 5-8 and inner 2-3 layered, both consisting of round to oval, parenchymatous cells with intercellular spaces; middle zone consisting of radially elongated, parenchymatous cells having very large air-spaces; endodermis and pericycle both single layered; xylem and phloem form equal number of bundles arranged alternately with each other; centre occupied by a small pith composed of polygonal, thick-walled, sclerenchymatous cells.
Powder – Greyish-cream; shows groups of sclerenchymatous cells, pitted vessels and prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 21 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 16 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 3 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
CONSTITUENTS – Sugars
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Kasaya
Guna : Guru, Laghu, Snigdha
Virya : Sita
Vipaka : Madhura
Karma : Sukrala, Baddhalpavarcasa, Balya, Brmhana, Caksusya, Hrdya, Kaphahara, Mutrala, Pittahara, Rucya, Svarya, Vatahara, Varnakrt, Stanyajanana
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Brahma Rasayana, Stanyajanana Kaska Curna
THERAPEUTIC USES – Stanyaksaya, Mutrakrcchra
DOSE – 50 g. of the drug for decoction.
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