SARALA (Root)
Sarala consists of dried root of Pinus roxburghii Sargent. (Fam. Pinacem); a large tree upto 30 m high and 2.5 m in girth, growing on the Himalayas from 600m to 1830m.
SYNONYMS
Sansk : Surabhidaruka, Pita Vrksa
Assam : —
Beng : Tarpin Telargaach, Sarala Gaach
Eng : Long Leaved Pine
Guj : Sarala
Hindi : Cheel
Kan : Sarala
Kash : —
Mal : Sarala, Saralam
Mar : Sarala
Ori : —
Punj : Cheel
Tam : Sarala, Shirsal
Tel : Sarala
Urdu : Cheer, Sanobar
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Root well-developed, 3-3.5 cm thick, hard, woody, cylindrical; reddishbrown; surface rough due to longitudinal and transverse striations; fracture, hard; no smell and taste.
b) Microscopic
Mature root shows 10-15 layers of thin-walled, tangentially elongated cork cells filled with tannin; secondary cortex consists of a wide zone of thin-walled, rectangular to polygonal elongated cells mostly filled with starch grains, and of embedded resin canals; phloem a narrow strand composed of sieve tubes, parenchyma and phloem rays; tannin and starch grains also present in this region; xylem composed of tracheids, medullary rays and embedded resin ducts; tracheids thickwalled, with bordered pits; xylem rays 1-2 cells wide and filled with starch grains; simple, round to oval, rarely elongated starch grains, measuring 11-25 n in dia.
Powder – Reddish-brown; shows fragments of cork cells, tracheids with bordered pits, resin canals, simple round to oval, starch grains measuring 11-25 n in dia. and fragment of phloem and xylem rays filled with starch grains.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.2
Total ash Not more than 1 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.3
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 0.3 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.4
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 8 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.6
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 3 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.7
T.L.C. –
T.L.C. of the alcoholic extract on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using Chloroform :
Methanol (9:1) shows under U.V. (366 nm) three fluorescent zones at Rf. 0.75, 0.88 and 0.96 (all blue). On exposure to Iodine vapour five spots appear at Rf. 0.17, 0.53, 0.75, 0.88 and 0.96 (all yellow). On spryaing with 5% Methanolic-Sulphuric acid reagent and heating the plate at 105°C for ten minutes three spots appear at Rf. 0.75, 0.88 and 0.96 (all grey).
CONSTITUENTS – Resins – Oleo-resin.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Katu, Tikta
Guna : Laghu, Snigdha, Tiksna
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Kaphavatasamaka, Vranasodhaka, Svedahara
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Karpuradyarka, Rajanyadi Curna, Sudarsana Curna
THERAPEUTIC USES – Karna Roga, Kantha Roga, Aksi Roga, Daha,Vrana, Kasa, Svarabhramsa
DOSE – 1-3 g. in powder form.
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