KHARJURA (Fresh Fruit)
Kharjura consists of ripe and mature fruit with seed removed, of Phoenix dactylifera Linn. (Fam. Aracem), a tall palm tree upto 36 m high, cultivated or occasionally self-sown in arid parts of the country
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Aharjura, Pinda Kharjrura
Assamese : —
Bengali : Khejur
English : Date
Gujrati : Khajur
Hindi : Khajur, Pinda, Khajur
Kannada : Kharjura, Pinda Kharajura
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Prantha Puzam
Marathi : Khajur
Oriya : Khejuri
Punjabi : Pinda Khajur
Tamil : Pericham Pazham
Telugu : Khajur pupandu
Urdu : Khurma (Khajoor)
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Fruit a berry, oval to oblong, compressed, of varying shapes; 2 to 3 cm long, smooth or slightly wrinkled, reddish-brown to yellowish-brown; pulp fleshy, sticky, soft, viscous; odour, not distinct; taste, sweet.
b) Microscopic
Fruit shows single layered epidermis with striated cuticle, containing heavily cutinized cells and having stomata; below epidermis, 4 or 5 layered tangentially elongated, thin-walled, parenchymatous hypodermis present, followed by a row of stone cells with narrow lumen, thick-walled, 28 to 55 n in dia., with clear striations; mesocarp differentiated into two zones, outer consisting of thin-walled parenchyma cells with scattered tannin, and oil globules, inner consisting of collapsed, crushed and disorganized cells appearing as loose, shining, ‘fibrous’ mass, representing the so called “rag.” scattered sclerosed cells also occur in this region; endocarp composed of single layered inner epidermis together with underlying compact tissues.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 1 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 3 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 0.5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 20 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 65 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
T.L.C.
T.L.C. of alcoholic extract on Silica Gel ‘G’ using n-Butanol : Acetic acid : Water (5:1:4) shows in visible light one spot at Rf. 0.12 (grey). On exposure to Iodine vapour two spots appear at Rf. 0.12 and 0.25 (both yellow). On spraying with 5% Methanolic- Sulphuric acid reagent four spots appear at Rf. 0.12, 0.25 (both black), 0.33 and 0.62 (both grey).
CONSTITUENTS – Sugars, Protein and Vitamins
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Kasaya
Guna : Guru, Snigdha
Virya : Sita
Vipaka : Madhura
Karma : Balya, Hrdya, Kaphahara, Pittahara, Tarpaka, Vatahara, Mamsavardhaka, Sukrakara, Rucikara, Kosthagata Vayunasaka, Vamaka, Ksudha Sramahara
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Draksadi Curna, Óladya Modaka, Óladi Gutika, Siva Gutika (Lagu)
THERAPEUTIC USES – Abhighata, Daha, Kasa, Madatyaya, Raktapitta, Svasa, Trsa, Ksata Ksaya, Jvaratisara, Murccha
DOSE – 10-50 gm.
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