KSIRAKAKOLI (Bulb)
Ksirakakoli consists of the dried whole bulb of Fritillaria roylei Hook. (Fam. Liliacem), a glabrous herb 6-24 m in height, found in Western temperate Himalayas from Kumaon to Kashmir at an altitude of 2500-4000 m; processed by boiling.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Sukla, Ksirvallika
Assamese : —
Bengali : —
English : Fritillary
Gujrati : —
Hindi : Kshira, Kakoli
Kannada : —
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : —
Marathi : Kshira, Kakoli
Oriya : —
Punjabi : —
Tamil : Kshira, Kakoli
Telugu : Kshira, Kakoli
Urdu : —
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Whole bulbs are hard, conical 1.5 to 2.5 in width and 3 to 3.5 cm in length, transluscent with slight longitudinal ridges, covered with hard membranous scales arranged in a concentric manner and breaking readily with a short fracture; cut surface white to creamish-yellow and starchy; scars of adventitious roots seen; odour, pleasant; taste, bitter.
b) Microscopic
T.S. of bulb shows concentric layers of scale leaves; axis of bulb show three concentric layers of scale leaves, with an outer and inner epidermis consisting of single layered parenchymatous cells with mucilage; cuticle of both epidermis is slightly wavy and horny, mesophyll consists of 6 to 9 layered hexagonal parenchyma cells; starch grains gelatinised; raphides ranging from 100 to 230 n in length are also present in the mesophyll; surface view of upper epidermis show compactly arranged rectangular, elongated thin walled cells.
Powder– Powder creamish with pleasant smell; raphides present; powder treated with ruthenium red, mucilage turns bright pink.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 3 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 0.5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 4 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 14 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
T.L.C.
T.L.C of the methanolic extract on silica gel ‘G’ plate (0.2 mm thick) using butanol : acetic acid : water (6:1:2) shows under UV (366 nm) spots at Rf. 0.11, 0.18, 0.29, 0.33, 0.37, 0.45, 0.49, 0.62 and 0.93 (all fluorescent blue) under UV 254 nm spots at Rf. 0.33, 0.37, 0.62 and 0.93 (all green). After spraying with Dragendorff’s reagent orange spots appear at Rf. 0.33 and 0.37.
CONSTITUENTS – Alkaloids Kashimirine (imperialine), peimine, Peimisine, Propeimine, Peimiphine and Peimitidine.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura
Guna : Guru, Snigdha
Virya : Sita
Vipaka : Madhura
Karma : Pittahara, Rasayana, Vatahara, Vrsya, Brmhana, Sukravardhaka, Stanyajanna, Kaphakara, Trsahara, Basti Visodhani, Visaghna
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Dasamularista, Sivagutika, Brhataphala, Ghrta, Brhat-Guduci Taila, Brhatmasa Taila, Manasamitra Vatika, Rasaraja Rasa
THERAPEUTIC USES – Sosa, Daha, Hrdroga, Jvara, Kasa, Ksaya, Raktadosa, Raktapitta, Raktaroga, Svasa, Vaatarakta, Yoni Vyapad, Vatavyadhi, Vatapittaruja
DOSE – 3-5 g in the powder form.
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