VYAGHRANAKHA (Fruit)
Vyaghranakha consists of mature fruit of Capparis sepiaria Linn. syn. C. zeylanica Linn. f. (Fam. Capparidacem), a perennial climbing shrub with hooked stipular spines, distributed throughout India, in the plains.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Ahimsra, Vyaghrayudha
Assamese : —
Bengali : —
English : —
Gujrati : —
Hindi : Baghanai, Kanthari, Kareruaa
Kannada : Kathiramullu, Mulhukallari
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : —
Marathi : Ardanti, Vyaghranakh, Wag, Wagati
Oriya : —
Punjabi : —
Tamil : Atandai, Kattukathiri, Marandan, Thoratti
Telugu : Nalla uppi
Urdu : —
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Subglobose, many seeded berry; green when young, red brown when ripe, 3 to 4 cm in diameter, on a greatly thickened stalk; seeds are trigonal, 4 to 5 mm long, 3 to 4 mm wide, 2 to 3 mm thick with white thin covering; seed coat hard.
b) Microscopic
Fruit – Epicarp shows thick cuticle covering the single layered epidermal cells followed by thick walled parenchyma, filled with yellow contents, mesocarp composed of thick walled parenchyma, having groups of pitted sclereids at places along with some vascular strands, endocarp contains collapsed cells, abundant oil globules present.
Seed – T.S. shows testa having thick cuticle; with a single layered, laterally elongated, loosely packed, pigmented, epidermal cells, followed by 8 to 10 layers of compactly arranged circular pitted stone cells with very thick wall and narrow lumen; tegmen consists of collapsed cells; endosperm parenchyma filled with oil and aleurone grains, oil cells with yellowish oil at some places.
Powder – Reddish brown, sticky, shows sclereids, parenchymatous cells filled with oil and cells filled with aleurone grains.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 1 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 30 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 26 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 8 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
T.L.C.
T.L.C. of the alcoholic extract on silica gel ‘G’ (0.2 mm thick ness) plate using toluene : methanol (6:3) shows nine bands at Rf. 0.12, 0.23, 0.32, 0.53, 0.56, 0.61, 0.64, 0.71, 0.86 (all brown), on spraying with 5% Ethanolic-sulphuric acid reagent and heating the plate for ten minutes at 105oC.
CONSTITUENTS – Thioglucoside glucocapparin, n-triacontane, S-amyrin and fixed oil.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Katu, Tikta, Kasaya
Guna : Laghu, Ruksa
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Kaphahara, Vatahara, Varnya, Visaghna, Kandughna
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Bala Taila
THERAPEUTIC USES – Bhrama, Jvara, Kandu, Kotha, Kustha, Pravahika, Raktapradara, Sarpavisa, Vatavikara, Vrana, Visvikara, Pidaka, Graharoga, Mukhadurgandha
DOSE – 2-6 g.
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