JATAMAMSI
Jatamamsi consists of dried rhizome of Nardostachys jatamansi DC.(Fam. Valerianacem) , an errect perennial herb, 10-60 cm high growing at an altitude of 3000-5000 m on the sub-alpine Himalayan tracts.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Mamsi, Jaa, Jaila
Assamese : Jatamansi, Jatamangshi
Bengali : Jatamamsi
English : Nardus root
Gujrati : Baalchad, Kalichad
Hindi : Balchara
Kannada : Bhootajata, Ganagila maste
Kashmiri : Bhutijata
Malayalam : Manchi, Jatamanchi
Marathi : Jatamansi
Oriya : Jatamansi
Punjabi : Billilotan, Balchhar, Chharguddi
Tamil : Jatamanji
Telugu : Jatamams
Urdu : Sumbul-ut-teeb
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Dried rhizome dark brown, 2.5-7.5 cm long, cylindrical, covered with reddishbrown fibres forming a net work, which are skeletons of sheathing leaf bases, fracture, brittle, internal colour reddish-brown, colour, strongly aromatic, taste, acrid, slightly bitter.
b) Microscopic
Transverse section of rhizome shows cork consisting of 2-5 layers of cells filled with oil globules, cortex characterised by the presence of schizogenous canals, phloem in form of patches of small cells, cambium ring distinct and continuous, xylem consists of vessles, scattered individually or in rows of two or three vessels, with scalariform thickening, older rhizomes show one or more stellate shaped rings of interxylary and medullary cork, completely or incompletely separating the rhizome into four to nine vascular strands by joining outer cork, each separated strand encircled by a few layers of cork cell consisting of an outer cortex zone followed by two or more functional vascular bundles, tissues in between the strands usually non-functional except for the cork cells which act as storage organ for oil globule.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Identification-
Shake about 2 g of the powder with 5 ml of Alcohol (80 per cent) for ten minutes and filter, Place one drop of the filtrate on a filter paper, dry and examine under ultra-violet light, a bright, bluish-white fluorescene is visible.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 9 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
Volatile oil Not less than 0.1 per cent, Appendix 2.2.10
CONSTITUENTS – Essential oil and resinuous matter.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Tikta, Kasaya
Guna : Laghu
Virya : Sita
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Medhya, Tridosanut, Varnya, Nidrajanana, Kushaghna.
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Jatamamsyarka
THERAPEUTIC USES – Daha, Kustha, Visarpa, Manasaroga, Anidra
DOSE – 2-3 g of the drug in powder form.
5-10 g of the drug for decoction.
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