KARNASPHOTA (Seed)
Karnasphota consists of the seed of Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn. (Fam. Sapindacem), commonly found as a weed throughout India, ascending upto 1,200 m. in the North West Himalayas.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Sakakralata (S.y.), Kakadani, Kakamardanika, Kakatikta
Assamese : —
Bengali : Jyotishmati (of Bengal)
English : Ballon Vine, Heart’s Pea
Gujrati : Bodha, Kapaalphodi, Nayaphatki, Shivajaala
Hindi : Kaanphuti, Lataaphataki
Kannada : Kanakayya
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Ulinna
Marathi : Fatphati, Kaanphuti, Khiljala
Oriya : —
Punjabi : —
Tamil : Modikkottan, Mudukkottan, Mudakkarutana(Siddha)
Telugu : Vekkudutiga
Urdu : —
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Seeds are about 4 to 6 mm, subglobose, black, shiny with a whitish scar of aril, nutty flavour; no odour.
b) Microscopic
T.S. shows an outermost thick yellowish layer of cuticle; testa shows a single layer of radially elongated, brown and thick walled palisade like cells showing linea lucida and with stellately lobed lumen as seen in surface view; a wide zone of sclereids with thick walled highly sinuous, light yellow to yellowish-brown lignified cells showing radiating canals on their walls in surface view; tegmen consists of parenchyamatous cells; ground tissue of the embryo consists of angular to hexagonal parenchyma cells with oil globules; starch grains absent.
Powder – Powder light brown in colour, with black fragments of the seed coat and has the taste and odour of cucurbitaceous seed with a nutty flavour; shows surface view of palisade layer with hexagonal outline and stellately lobed lumen, surface view of the much sinuous sclereid layer and oil globules.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 0.5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 21 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
Fixed oil Not less than 20 percent, Appendix 2.2.8
T.L.C.
T.L.C. of methanolic extract on silica gel ‘G’ plate (0.2 mm thick) using toluene : ethyl acetate : diethyl amine (85:15:0.5) shows under UV (366 nm) fluorescent spots at Rf. 0.10 (white), 0.21 (blue) and 0.70 (blue). After spraying with anisaldehyde-sulphuric acid reagent and heating the plate at 105oC for ten minutes spots appear at Rf. 0.15 (blue), 0.34 (greenish blue), 0.44 (bluish black), 0.64 (blue) and 0.71 (blue). T.L.C. of the methanolic extract using butanol : acetic acid : water (6:1:2) after spraying with anisaldehyde-sulphuric acid reagent shows spots at Rf. 0.08 (green), 0.15 (green), 0.23 (green), 0.28 (purple), 0.38 (green), 0.47 (pink), 0.53 (yellowish green), 0.83 (purple) and 0.93 (purple).
CONSTITUENTS – Fixed oil.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Katu, Tikta
Guna : Laghu, Ruksa, Tiksna
Virya : Sita
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Medhya, Vatahara, Visaghna, Mutrala, Kesya
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Amatisaranasaka Yoga, Vasadilepa, Nagaradi Taila, Lausunadi Kasaya
THERAPEUTIC USES – Sula, Sopha, Jvara, Pandu, Vrddhi, Sandhi-Vata, Graha Badha, Bhutabadha, Visabadha
DOSE – 1-2 g.
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