KUNDURU (Exudate)
Kunduru consists of exudate of Boswellia serrata Roxb. (Fam. Burseracem), a moderate sized, deciduous tree, upto 18 m in height and upto 2.4 m in girth, commonly found in the dry forests from Punjab to West Bengal and in peninsular India.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Sallaki
Assamese : Sallaki
Bengali : Luban, Salai, Salgai
English : —
Gujrati : Shaledum, Saleda, Saladi, Gugal, Saledhi
Hindi : Salai, Labana
Kannada : Madimar, Chilakdupa, Tallaki, Maddi
Kashmiri : Kunturukkam, Samprani
Malayalam : —
Marathi : Salai cha dink
Oriya : —
Punjabi : Salai Gonda
Tamil : Parangi Sambrani
Telugu : Parangi sambrani, Anduga, Kondagugi tamu
Urdu : Kundur
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Drug occurs in stalactitic, transparent, tears forming agglomerates of various shapes and sizes, brownish-yellow, upto 5 cm long, 2 cm thick, fragrant, fracture brittle; fractured surface waxy and translucent; burns readily and emanates an agreeable characteristic, balsamic resinous odour; taste, aromatic and agreeable.
b) Microscopic
Debris of fibres, rectangular cork cells, very few yellowish oil globules and numerous, small or large, oval to round or rhomboidal crystalline fragments present. Identification – Trituration with water forms an emulsion; when immersed in alcohol (90%) a tear of’ Kunduru is not altered much in form but becomes almost opaque and white; when a drop of con. H2S04 is added on a freshly fractured surface, it becomes cherry red which, when washed with water changes to a white emulsion, then turn to a buff colour.
Fluorescence Test – Brownish-yellow colour in day light; aqueous extract under U.V. light (366 nm) light green and in (254 nm) shows dark blue colour; alcoholic extract under U.V. light (366 nm) is colourless and in (254 nm) shows light green colour.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 10 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 8 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 45 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 28 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
T.L.C.
T.L.C. of alcoholic extract on Silica Gel ‘G’ using Toluene : Ethylacetate (9: 1) shows under U.V. (366nm) four fluorescent zones at Rf. 0.23 (light blue), 0.79 (light blue), 0.91 (blue) and 0.96 (blue). On exposure to Iodine vapour nine spots appear at Rf. 0.08, 0.23, 0.29, 0.41, 0.47, 0.55, 0.82, 0.91 and 0.96 (all yellow). On spraying with Vanillin Sulphuric acid reagent and heating the plate for ten minutes at 110oC tailing with four conspicuous spots appear at Rf. 0.23, 0.55, 0.79 and 0.91 (all violet).
CONSTITUENTS – Oleo-gum-resins.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Katu, Tikta
Guna : Guru, Snigdha, Tiksna
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Madhura
Karma : Balya, Kaphahara, Vatahara, Kaphapittahara, Rakta Stambhahar, Svedahara
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Karpuradyarka, Jirakadi Modaka, Bala Tila, Bala Guducyadi Taila
THERAPEUTIC USES – Jvara, Pradara, Svasa, Pittabhisyanda, Sarkarameha, Vrsana Sula, Mukharoga, Uka
DOSE – 1-3 gm.
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