SATAPATRIKA (Flower)
Satapatrika consists of dried flower of Rosa centifolia Linn. (Fam. Rosacem); a small erect shrub, 1-1.8 m high, cultivated in gardens.
SYNONYMS
Sansk. : Devataruni, Karnika,
Assam. : Varde Ahamar
Beng. : Golap
Eng. : Rose
Guj. : Moshamee Gulab
Hindi. : Gulab
Kan. : Rojahu
Kash. : –
Mal. : Rosappoovu
Mar. : Gulab
Ori. : —
Punj. : Gulab
Tam. : Rojapoo
Tel. : Rojapuvvu, Gulabi
Urdu. : Gulab, Ward
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Flower stalked, pinkish-yellow, consists of sepals, petals and stamens attached to pedicel with thalamus at the base; stalk 0.6-3.5 cm long, light green, slender, covered with numerous prickles and hairs; thalamus 1.0-1.8 cm long, light greenishbrown, covered with numerous prickles and hairs; sepal 5, free, 1.3-2.4 cm long, unequal, leaflike, upper part creamish-green and light yellowish-green on lower part, having glandular hairs; petals numerous, pinkish-yellow, 1.5-4.2 cm long, 1.3-2.5 cm wide, smooth obovate to sub-cordate; stamens numerous, free, unequal, dorsifixed, darkbrown; filament 0.3-0.5 cm long; carpels many free, ovary inferior; styles lateral, hairy, free; stigma terminal; taste, astringent; odour, aromatic.
b) Microscopic
Sepal – Shows single layered epidermis on both surfaces; numerous long, unicellular hairs present on upper surface, a few glandular hairs on lower surface; both epidermises followed by a wide zone of mesophyll consisting of round to oval, thin-walled, parenchymatous cells; a number of vascular bundles found scattered in this region. Petal – Shows lower epidermis papillose and without cuticle; upper epidermis single layered with thin striated cuticle, followed by mesophyll consisting of oval to polygonal, elliptical, thin-walled, parenchymatous cells; a number of vascular bundles found scattered in this zone.
Powder – Light-brown in colour; fragments of petal of epidermis consisting of thinwalled, sinuous cells extended to form papillm; xylem vessel with spiral thickenings long, pointed, uniseriate, unicellular hair and stalked capitate glandular hairs; abundant, smooth, spherical pollen grains, measuring 27- 41 n in dia., containing clear intine and exine with three distinct pores.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.2
Total ash Not more than 7.5 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.3
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 1 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.4
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 15 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.6
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 24 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.7
T.L.C. –
T.L.C. of the alcoholic extract on Silica gel ‘G’ using n-Butanol : Acetic acid:
Water (5:1:4) shows in visible light six spots at Rf. 0.42 (violet), 0.50 (pink), 0.66, 0.82, 0.87 and 0.92 (all yellow). Under U.V. (366 nm) five fluorescent zones are visible at Rf. 0.42 (blue), 0.50 (pink), 0.82, 0.87 and 0.92 (all blue). On exposure to Iodine vapour six spots appear at Rf. 0.42 (grey), 0.50 (pinkish grey), 0.66, 0.82, 0.87 and 0.92 (all yellow). On spraying with 5% Methanolic-Sulphuric acid reagent and heating the plate for about ten minutes at 110°C eight spots appear at Rf. 0.19 (greyish black), 0.32 (greyish black), 0.42, 0.50 (both violet), 0.66, 0.82, 0.87 and 0.92 (all brown).
CONSTITUENTS – Essential Oil.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Tikta, Kasaya
Guna : Laghu
Virya : Sita
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Sukrakara, Dipana, Hrdya, Kaphahara, Netrya, Pittahara, Vatahara, Varnaya.
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Vasanta Kusumakara Rasa, Tarunarka (Gulabjala), Pravala Pisti, Mukta Pisti, Zahara Mohara Pisti, Trnakanta Mani Pisti
THERAPEUTIC USES – Kustha, Daha, Mukhasphota, Raktapitta, Raktavikara.
DOSE – 3-6 g. of the drug in powder form.
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