SVETAPUNARNAVA (Root)
Svetapunarnava consists of root of Boerhaavia verticillata Poir. (Fam. Nyctaginacem), a herbaceous weed with a tendency to climb, widely distributed in the plains throughout India during rainy season.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Vrsciva
Assamese : —
Bengali : Shatapunyaa
English : Horse purslene, Blunt leaved Hogweed
Gujrati : Vasedo, Vasedee
Hindi : Safed Punarnavaa, Gada Poornaa
Kannada : Maachchugoni, Vinleey Duvelladkilu
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : —
Marathi : Pundharighentuli
Oriya : —
Punjabi : Itsita
Tamil : Sharunnai, Mukkarattai-Kirai
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Roots occur in small pieces of 5 to 7.5 cm in length and upto 2 cm in thickness; texture rough; lenticels dot like or slightly transversely elongated, arranged in transverse rows; colour brown, freshly cut surface creamish to light brown; odour and taste not distinctive.
b) Microscopic
Root shows anamolous secondary growth; periderm present and consisting of phellem, phellogen and phelloderm; part of phellem and phellogen sloughed off and phelloderm mostly crushed but forms a continuous layer around the stelar region; the phellogen consists of 4 or 5 layers of rectangular and tangentially elongated cells; cortex composed of parenchymatous cells that are usually crushed; raphides present in some cells of cortex; centre of the root occupied by xylem consisting mostly of vessels, fibres and tracheids; concentric but irregular rings of cambium, patches of xylem and phloem, and parenchyma alternate in turn towards the periphery; medullary rays are not distinct; starch abundant in parenchyma; most of the starch grains rounded or hemispherical in shape; the compound starch grains, however, are scanty.
Powder – The powder show raphides (usually broken) and fragments of fibres, and vessel members showing scalariform thickenings; starch present.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 1 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 16 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 4 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 7 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
T.L.C.
T.L.C. of the alcoholic extract on precoated silica gel ‘G’ plate (0.2 mm thick) using toluene:ethylacetate:acetic acid (5:4.5:0.5), shows under U.V. (366nm) spots at Rf 0.37, 0.59, 0.80 (All Blue). On spraying with anisaldehyde: sulphuric acid reagent and heating the plate for ten minutes at 110oC spots appear at Rf 0.19(Greyish Black), 0.59 (Greyish Black), 0.69 (Blue), 0.79 (Purple).
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Tikta
Guna : Laghu, Ruksa
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Madhura
Karma : Kaphahara, Vatahara, Visaghna, Pittasamaka, Agnidipaka, Jvarahara
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Kumaryasava (A), Punarnavadyrista, Dhanvantara Ghrta, Dadhika Ghrta
THERAPEUTIC USES – Sopha, Sotha, Hrdroga, Kasa, Pandu, Pliharoga, Sula, Sarpavisa, Udararoga, Vrscikavisa, Visavikara, Urahksata, Rakta Vikara, Paittika Jvara, Caturthikajvara, Srava, Vatakantaka, Vidradhi Alarkavisa, Musakavisa
DOSE – 5-15 g.
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