TALAMULI (Rhizome)
Talamuli consists of dried rhizome of Curculigo orchioides Gmrtn. (Fam. Amaryllidacem), a small herb, upto 30 cm high with tuberous root stock, occurring wild in sub-tropical Himalayas from Kumaon eastwards, ascending upto 1830 m in Khasi hills, Manipur and the Eastern Ghats, also from Konkan southwards; drug is collected from two year old plants, washed well and cleared of rootlets, sliced and dried in shade.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Bhumitila
Assamese : Talmuli, Tailmuli
Bengali : Talmalu, Tallur
English : —
Gujrati : Kalirnusali
Hindi : Syahmusali, Kalimusli
Kannada : Neltal, Neltathigodde, Nelatale, Nelatelegadde
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Nilappenea
Marathi : Kali musali, Bhuimaddi
Oriya : Talamuli
Punjabi : Syah musali, Musali safed,
Tamil : Nilappanai
Telugu : Nel tadigadda
Urdu : Musali Siyah, Kali Musali
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Drug occurs in transversely cut pieces of 2.5 to 5 cm long, cylindrical, straight to slightly curved, cut surface 1.0 to 4.5 cm in dia.; external surface blackish-brown, cut surface cream coloured; surface with numerous shallow wrinkles and transverse cracks; with a few rootlets and root scars; nodes and internodes prominent; taste, mucilaginous and slightly bitter.
b) Microscopic
Shows a narrow strip of cork, consisting of 5 to 7 rows of light brown cubical to rectangular cells; secondary cortex consists of thin-walled, parenchymatous cells, densely filled with starch grains and acicular crystals of calcium oxalate, either isolated or in bundles, in a few cells; a few small, round to tangentially elongated, lysigenous cavities also found scattered in this region; a few vascular bundles found embedded in cortical region with phloem towards outer side, and consisting of a few xylem elements; ground tissue consists of parenchymatous cells, some of which contain acicular crystals of calcium oxalate; numerous fibro-vascular bundles found scattered throughout the region, mostly towards peripheral region having phloem, almost encircled by xylem vessels having annular and spiral thickenings; starch grains simple, rounded to oval and also compound of 2 to 4 components, measuring 4 to 21 n in dia., present in cortical and central region, a number of deep red, resin canals found throughout the region, mucilage in the form of colourless mass found in a few cortical parenchymatous cells.
Powder – Greyish; vessels with annular and spiral thickenings; simple, round to oval, starch grains measuring 4 to 21 n in dia., and compound starch grains having 2 to 4 components and a few acicular crystals of calcium oxalate; mucilage in the form of colourless mass found in a few cortical parenchymatous cells
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 9 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 3 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 17 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
T.L.C.
T.L.C. of alcoholic extract of the drug on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using n-Butanol : Acetic Acid: Water (4:1:5) shows under U.V. (366 nm) four fluorescent zones at Rf. 0.39, 0.77, 0.90 and 0.97 (all yellow). On exposure to Iodine vapour twelve spots appear at Rf. 0.06, 0.13, 0.17, 0.25, 0.39, 0.50, 0.62, 0.70, 0.77, 0.88, 0.90 and 0.97 (all yellow). On spraying with Dragendorff reagent followed by sodium nitrite three spots appear at Rf. 0.39, 0.70 and 0.88 (all light purple).
CONSTITUENTS – Tannin, Resin, Sapogenin and Alkaloid
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Tikta
Guna : Guru, Picchila
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Madhura
Karma : Sramahara, Dahahara, Pittahara, Vrsya, Brhmana, Rasayana, Pustiprada, Balaprada
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Gandharvahastadi Kvatha Curna, Candanadi Curna.
THERAPEUTIC USES – Arsa, Vataroga, Karsya, Kstaksina
DOSE – 3-6 gm of the drug in powder form.
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