UDUMBARA (Fruit)
Udumbara consists of dried fruit of Ficus glomerata Roxb. Syn. F. racemosa Linn. (Fam. Moracem); a large deciduous tree distributed throughout ever green forests in India, upto an elevation of I800 m, in moist localities and bank of streams, and also often planted in villages for shade and its edible fruits.
SYNONYMS
Sansk : Jantuphala, Hemadugdha
Assam : Jambhaij, Jamij
Beng : Jogmadumur
Eng : Cluster Fig
Guj : Umardo
Hindi : Gullar, Gular, Umar
Kan : Athimaro
Kash : —
Mal : Atti
Mar : Umbar
Ori : Dumburi, Dumuri
Punj : Gullar, Umbra, Rumbn
Tam : Atti
Tel : Atti, Medi
Urdu : Goolar, Gular
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Dried syconus fruit, sub-globose with persistent peduncle; 1.0 -2.3 cm long, 0.7 – 1.8 cm in dia., brownish-grey, wrinkled ostiole in apex region, inner hollow receptacle, a few insect debris also found in inner walls of syconus; odour, not distinct; taste, astringent or acrid in unripe fruit.
b) Microscopic
Fruit shows single layered epidermis covered with thick -cuticle having numerous unicellular hooked hairs and reddish-brown content; epidermis followed by 5-8 layers oval to polygonal, collenchymatous cells and oval to polygonal, thinwalled parenchymatous cells respectively; a few rosette crystals of calcium oxalate and reddish content found in collenchymatous cells; vascular traces, laticiferous cavities and pitted, round to oval lignified stone cells, with wide lumen present in parenchymatous zone. Powder – Brown; shows unicellular hooked hairs, epidermal cells and stone cells.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 1 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.2
Total ash Not more than 9 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.3
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 0.5 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.4
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 3 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.6
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 15 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.7
T.L.C. –
T.L.C. of the alcoholic extract on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using Toluene: Ethylacetate (9 : 1) shows under UV (366 nm) eight flourescent zones at Rf. 0.05 (light blue), 0.14 (blue), 0.24 (light blue), 0.38 (light blue), 0.45 (light blue), 0.55 (blue), 0.93 (blue) and 0.96 (blue). On exposure to Iodine vapour nine spots appear at Rf. 0.05, 0.24, 0.38, 0.45, 0.51, 0.55, 0.65, 0.93 and 0.96 (all yellow). On spraying with 5% Methanolic-Sulphuric acid reagent and heating the plate for ten minutes at 110°C nine spots appear at Rf. 0.05, 0.24,0.38,0.45, 0.51,0.55,0.63,0.93 and 0.96 (all grey).
CONSTITUENTS – β-Sitosterol, Lupeol Acetate and Carbohydrates.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Kasaya
Guna : Guru, Ruksa
Virya : Sita
Vipaka : Madhura
Karma : Kaphahara, Pittahara, Varnya Ropana, Vrana Sodhana, Bhagna
Sandhanaka, Raktadosahara
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Marma Gutika
THERAPEUTIC USES – Raktapitta, Murccha, Daha, Trsna, Pradara, Granthi Roga.
DOSE – 10-15 g. of the drug in powder form.
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