VANDA (Aerial Root)
Vanda consists of the dried aeial root of Dendrophthoe falcata (Linn. f.) Ettingsh. syn. Loranthus falcatus Linn. f. (Fam. Loranthacem), an epiphyte, mostly on fruit trees, and distributed throughout India.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Bandaka, Samharsa, Vrksadani, Vrksaruha
Assamese : —
Bengali : Maandaa
English : Mistletoe
Gujrati : Baando
Hindi : Bandaa
Kannada : Badanike, Bandhulu
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Itil, Ittikkanni
Marathi : Baandagul, Banda
Oriya : Vrudhongo
Punjabi : —
Tamil : Pulluri
Telugu : Baadanikaa, Jiddu
Urdu : —
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Adventitious root greyish brown outside, yellowish to brown inside, slender, contorted and knotty in appearance, sending out haustoria into the host plant or, also into its own branches; rarely branched; fracture, irregular; odour and taste not distinct.
b) Microscopic
A transverse section of adventitious root is circular in outline; cuticle and epidermis sloughed off; outermost zone consists of broken tissue of cork and cortex followed by cork cambium made of rectangular cells; cortex wide, many layered, made of thin walled rounded cells and selereids upto 50 n size, present singly or in groups of 2 to 4; many cells of cortex contain tannin; patches of pericyclic fibres surround the vascular ring; phloem composed of small thin walled cells present outside the xylem and separated from it by the vascular cambium; xylem interrupted by short, 1 or 2 seriate medullary rays composed of radially elongated cells; xylem composed of scattered vessels, parenchyma and fibres; pith wide, composed of rounded parenchymatous cells interspersed with thick walled fibres of about 5 n in dia.
Powder – Powder shows tracheids and vessel members with simple pitted thickenings, broken fibres; stone cells with faint incomplete radial striations, upto 50 n in size and containing prismatic crystals.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 1 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 6 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 1 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 12 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 1 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
T.L.C.
T.L.C. of the alcohol soluble extract of the drug on silica gel ‘G’ plate (0.2 mm thick) using chloroform : methanol (80:20) as mobile phase shows under U.V. (at 366 nm) spots at Rf 0.35 (Blue); 0.58 (Blue); 0.90 (Blue).
CONSTITUENTS – Catechin and leucocynidin in the bark.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Tikta, Kasaya
Guna : Laghu, Ruksa
Virya : Sita
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Sramahara, Sukrajanana, Garbhasthapana, Grahi, Grahanasana, Kaphahara, Mutravirecaniya, Mangalakara, Netrya, Pittahara, Rasayana, Vatahara, Vrsya, Vranaropana
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Mutravirecaniya Kasaya Curna
THERAPEUTIC USES – Bhagandara, Hikka, Mutraroga, Raktapitta, Vata-Smari, Vandhyatva, Visamajvara, Visaroga, Vrana
DOSE – 10 – 20 ml juice.
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