LASUNA (Bulb)
Lasuna consists of bulb of Allium sativum Linn. (Fam. Liliacem); a perennial bulbous plant, cultivated as an important condiment crop in the country.
SYNONYMS
Sansk. : Rasona, Yavanesta
Assam. : Maharu
Beng. : Lasuna
Eng. : Garlic
Guj. : Lasan, Lassun
Hindi. : Lahasun
Kan. : Bulluci
Kash. : —
Mal. : Vellulli, Nelluthulli
Mar. : Lasun
Ori. : —
Punj. : Lasan
Tam. : Vellaipoondu
Tel. : Vellulli, Tellapya, Tellagadda
Urdu. : Lahsan, Seer
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Drug occurs as entire bulb or isolated cloves (bulblets); bulb sub-globular, 4-6 cm in diameter, consisting of 8-20 cloves, surrounded by 3-5 whitish papery membranous scales attached to a short, disc-like woody stem having numerous, wiry rootlets on the under side; each clove is irregularly ovoid, tapering at upper end with dorsal convex surface, 2-3 cm long, 0.5 – 0.8 cm wide, each surrounded by two very thin papery whitish and brittle scales having 2-3 yellowishgreen folded leaves contained within two white fleshy, modified leaf bases or scales; odour, peculiarly pungent and disagreeable; taste, acrid gives warmth to the tongue.
b) Microscopic
A clove of bulb shows tri to tetrangular appearance in outline; outer scale consists of an outer epidermis, followed by hypodermal crystal layer, mesophyll made of parenchyma cells and an inner epidermis; both outer and inner epidermis consists of sub rectangular cells; hypodermis consists of compressed, irregular, tangentially elongated cells, each cell having large prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate, while many cells contain small prismatic crystals also, mesophyll several layers of parenchymatous cells having a few vascular tissues with spiral vessels; inner epidermis similar to outer one; inner scale similar to outer scale but outer epidermis composed of sclerenchymatous cells; prismatic crystals in hypodermis slightly smaller. In surface view cells of outer epidermis elongated, narrow with thin porous wall while those of inner epidermis similar to outer one but non-porous; cells of hypodermal crystals layer ellipsoidal with thick porous walls, each cell having large prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate, many cells also contain small prismatic crystals in addition to bigger ones; inner scale shows markedly sclerenchymatous cells with greatly thickened walls and very narrow lumen; cells of hypodermal crystal layer somewhat smaller with walls more frequently pitted, size of crystals also smaller.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.2
Total ash Not more than 4 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.3
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 1 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.4
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 2.5 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.6
Loss on drying Not less than 60 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.9
Volatile Oil Not less than 0.1 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.10
T.L.C. –
T.L.C. of the alcoholic extract on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using n-Butanol :
Isopropanol Acetic acid: Water (3 : 1: 1 : 1) shows under UV (366 nm) two fluorescent zones at Rf. 0.58 and 0.72 (both light blue). On exposure to Iodine vapour nine spots appear at Rf. 0.18, 0.26, 0.34, 0.38, 0.46, 0.58, 0.72, 0.77 and 0.93 (all yellow): On spraying with Ninhydrin reagent and heating the plate for ten minutes at 110°C seven spots appear at Rf. 0.26, 0.38, 0.46, 0.58, 0.67, 0.72 and 0.93 (all pink). On spraying with Vanillin-Sulphuric acid reagent and heating the plate for ten minutes at 110°C seven spots appear at Rf. 0.26, 0.38, 0.46, 0,58, 0.67, 0.72 and 0.93 (all gery).
CONSTITUENTS – Volatile Oil containing Allyl Disulphide and Diallyl Disulphide. It also contains Allin, Allicin, Mucilage and Albumin.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Katu
Guna : Guru, Picchila, Sara, Snigdha, Tiksna
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Balya, Caksusya, Dipana, Hrdya, Kaphahara, Medhya, Raktadosahara, Vatahara, Vrsya, Varnya, Pittadusanakara, Bhagnasandhanakara, Rasayana, Jantughna, Kanthya, Asthi Mamsa Sandhankar
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Lasunadi Vati, Lasunadi Ghrta And Vaca Lasunadi Taila
THERAPEUTIC USES – Jirna, Jvara, Krmiroga, Gulma, Kustha, Arsa, Kasa, Svasa, Pinasa, Sula, Karnasula Vatavyadi, Hikka, Medoroga, Yoni Vyapata, Visucika, Pliha Vrddhi, Ksaya, Visama Jvara, Apasmara Unmada, Sasa, Sopha, Hrdroga, Vatsula, Trikasula, Vrana Krmi
DOSE – 3 – g. of the drug.
Latest Govt Job & Exam Updates: