Instrumentation Engineering

April 21, 2015April 21, 2015 by Poornima V

Instrumentation Engineering-a specialization in high demand

Simply envision a world without instruments. It would be similar to navigating into a period that presumably goes even past the Stone Age. Man has dependably been captivated towards instruments and the journey to imagine and improve on new instruments has pushed humankind past boundaries to an age where the instruments have turned into an integral part of the life. Today, we discover instruments at home and at working environment, and this was conceivable simply because of the science instrumentation.

Instrumentation engineering can be alluded to as a mixture of distinctive subjects that can be the platform for some professions. In fact, instrumentation engineering is a between disciplinary extension that incorporates the study of interlinked discipline which includes that of electrical, chemical, computer engineering and also electronics. Instrumentation and control specialists configuration fabricate to fix up gadgets or frameworks that are utilized to gauge or control physical quantities that of the temperature, pressure or the flow. It is the work of the instrumental engineer to decide upon which types of instrumentation are needed for the purpose check for better quality and product efficiency.

Aside from covering the core subjects that of systems dynamics, the industrial instrumentation, the process control and of bio-medical instrumentation and robotics this field do provide an upper hand dealing with the various software and hardware, including that of microprocessor based instrumentation, or micro controller instrumentation, systems designs embedded, the computer architecture and the computer process control. Computer programming like C Language and Fortran are also part of the subject.

Instrumentation engineering sounds interesting can I enroll?

It is recommended that aspirants wishing to enter a degree program in instrumentation engineering have a strong foundation in subjects like mathematics and science before enrolling yourself to this particular specialization. Further, if you do have knowledge in computers and engineering it is very much helpful. Above all you should have a good logical ability.

Career Prospects

To improve the efficiency, the stability and the safety measures of the automated process Instrumental Engineers are recruited in various organizations. Their main focus is to handle the designing, the production and the maintenance of the instrumentation system that are deployed for the manufacturing of various activities. Likewise, these instrumentation engineers play a regular part in ensuring that the efficiency and quality is maintained for the manufacturing goods. For the nature of work activities they are in need in the industrial sectors that of thermal power plants, chemical companies, cement manufacturing units, steel plants and different research and development organizations. The companies which cater to the manufacturing of a whole lot of diverse instruments, so employ them due to the expertise for the day to day operations. Instrumentation engineers can also sees themselves as part of the software and the hardware industry.

For a fresher you can start up with a salary of Rs.1 lac to Rs. 2.4 lacs per annum. And once you have gathered experience, senior engineers do get an offer of a pay package of 3.5 lacs to 6 lacs per year.

Electrical Engineering

April 18, 2015 by Poornima V

Electrical Engineering the growing prospects

Do you get fascinated when you hear the names like Thomas Edison or Nikola Tesla or George Westinghouse or Guglielmo Marconi or Philo T Farnsworth? These are names of prominent pioneers in electrical engineering whose innovated ideas and concepts about electricity into practical devices and systems we use in our modern age like the electric bulb or the induction motor, the alternating current, radio television respectively.

Not only is the past innovation, in the modern scenario electrical engineering one of the fastest growing fields that involve a spectrum of the study and application of electricity and electronics. The most interesting branch of engineering you can put it as it engages the study of the computers, the electrical, the electronics and the communication. It deals with the generation, the transmission and the distribution of electricity.

What does an electrical engineer do?

An electrical engineer extends their expertise on a variety of projects in spaces like the computers, the robots, the cell phones, the radars, the cards, the navigation system, the wiring and lighting in a building and various other kinds of electrical systems. As an aspiring electrical engineer, you should start a profit from the scratch by defining what a new electronic is intended to do. After that designing the circuits to create a prototype and test whether it is working properly or not. Obviously, in the first go there are some hiccups that need to be fixed. It is the job of the electrical engineer to figure out the existing problems and make the product work.

Those keen on electrical engineering need to have a useful, sharp and analytic to look for each and every detail. You additionally need to have great adoption and getting a handle on force to recognize imaginative ideas. Aside from having great communication aptitudes you likewise need to have the nature of organizing as well as problem solving skills

Specialization to pick from

You can step forward to specialize in one or more of the subdivisions of electrical engineering. The most popular are Electronic Engineering which deals with the electronic circuits such as the inductors, the transistors, capacitors, etc. The field of Microelectronics Engineering is the design and the fabrication of the microelectronic circuit components. There are the Signal Processing Engineers dealing with analog or digital signals or the Power Engineers specializing in electrical devices such as transformers, generators, etc. Instrumentation engineering is the design of the measurement of pressure, temperature and flow. For this you need to have a deep understanding of physics. The designing of computer hardware, it’s the computer engineers who specialize in that subject.

Prospects you can ponder upon

Electrical engineers are in much demand in hydroelectric power plants, atomic power stations, natural gas plants, thermal power station, petroleum sector and steel plants.. For a fresh graduate a starting salary of 3-5 lac p.a in usually on offer while an experienced candidate it’s not less than 80,000 to 1.25 that you will certainly draw each month. In the private organization the pay package is much better as compared to the government sector. In the public sector you are paid only Rs.30,000- Rs.40,000 per month.

Instrumentation Engineering (IN)

September 27, 2014September 25, 2014 by bn Mishra

Engineering Mathematics

Linear Algebra: Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and eigen vectors.

Calculus: Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, Evaluation of definite and improper integrals, Partial Derivatives, Maxima and minima, Multiple integrals, Fourier series. Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green’s theorems.

Differential equations: First order equation (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Method of variation of parameters, Cauchy’s and Euler’s equations, Initial and boundary value problems, Partial Differential Equations and variable separable method.

Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchy’s integral theorem and integral formula, Taylor’s and Laurent’ series, Residue theorem, solution integrals.

Probability and Statistics: Sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and standard deviation, Random variables, Discrete and continuous distributions, Poisson, Normal and Binomial distribution, Correlation and regression analysis.

Numerical Methods: Solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, single and multi-step methods for differential equations.

Transform Theory: Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform.

Instrumentation Engineering

Basics of Circuits and Measurement Systems: Kirchoff’s laws, mesh and nodal Analysis. Circuit theorems. One-port and two-port Network Functions. Static and dynamic characteristics of Measurement Systems.Error and uncertainty analysis.Statistical analysis of data and curve fitting.

Transducers, Mechanical Measurement and Industrial Instrumentation: Resistive, Capacitive, Inductive and piezoelectric transducers and their signal conditioning. Measurement of displacement, velocity and acceleration (translational and rotational), force, torque, vibration and shock.Measurement of pressure, flow, temperature and liquid level.Measurement of pH, conductivity, viscosity and humidity.

Analog Electronics: Characteristics of diode, BJT, JFET and MOSFET. Diode circuits.Transistors at low and high frequencies, Amplifiers, single and multi-stage. Feedbackamplifiers.Operational amplifiers, characteristics and circuit configurations. Instrumentationamplifier. Precisionrectifier.V-to-I and I-to-V converter. Op- Amp based active filters. Oscillators and signal generators.

Digital Electronics: Combinational logic circuits, minimization of Boolean functions. IC families, TTL, MOS and CMOS. Arithmetic circuits. Comparators, Schmitt trigger, timers and mono-stable multi-vibrator. Sequential circuits, flip-flops, counters, shift registers. Multiplexer, S/H circuit. Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog converters. Basics of number system. Microprocessor applications, memory and input-output interfacing.Microcontrollers.

Signals, Systems and Communications: Periodic and aperiodic signals. Impulse response, transfer function and frequency response of first- and second order systems.Convolution, correlation and characteristics of linear time invariant systems.Discrete time system, impulse and frequency response. Pulse transfer function. IIR and FIR filters. Amplitude and frequency modulation and demodulation.Sampling theorem, pulse code modulation.Frequency and time division multiplexing. Amplitude shift keying, frequency shift keying and pulse shift keying for digital modulation.

Electrical and Electronic Measurements: Bridges and potentiometers, measurement of R, L and C. Measurements of voltage, current, power, power factor and energy. A.C & D.C current probes. Extension of instrument ranges. Q-meter and waveform analyzer.Digital voltmeter and multi-meter.Time, phase and frequency measurements.Cathode ray oscilloscope. Serial and parallel communication.Shielding and grounding.

Control Systems and Process Control: Feedback principles. Signal flow graphs. Transient Response, steady-state-errors.Routh and Nyquist criteria. Bode plot, root loci. Time delay systems.Phase and gain margin.State space representation of systems.Mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic system components.Synchro pair, servo and step motors. On-off, cascade, P, P-I, P-I-D, feed forward and derivative controller, Fuzzy controllers.

Analytical, Optical and Biomedical Instrumentation: Mass spectrometry. UV, visible and IR spectrometry.X-ray and nuclear radiation measurements. Optical sources and detectors, LED, laser, Photo-diode, photo-resistor and their characteristics.Interferometers, applications in metrology. Basics of fiber optics. Biomedical instruments, EEG, ECG and EMG. Clinical measurements. Ultrasonic transducers and Ultrasonography. Principles of Computer Assisted Tomography.