FG 12

LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

           B.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION – CHEMISTRY

THIRD SEMESTER – APRIL 2008

    CH 3503 – MAIN GROUP ELEMENTS & SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY

 

 

 

Date : 29-04-08                  Dept. No.                                        Max. : 100 Marks

Time : 1:00 – 4:00

PART – A

Answer ALL the questions.                                                             (10 x 2 = 20 marks)

1. Indicate two uses of Lithium compound.
2. What is the role of K⁺ ion in biological systems.
3. Explain the amphoteric behaviour of Aluminium.
4. What are the raw materials used in manufacture of glass.
5. Explain the basicity of orthophosphoric acid.
6. How do you prepare Caro’s acid? Write its structure.
7. F₂o is called as oxygen difluoride while Cl₂O is named as chrorine oxide. Give reasons.
8. Discuss the structure of IF₅.
9. Draw 110, 111 planes.
10. What is the importance of radius ratio in ionic crystal? Give an example.

 

PART – B

Answer any EIGHT questions.                                            (8 x 5 = 40 marks)

1. How does Li differ from other elements of first group?
2. Describe ‘Wrap Around’ complexes of alkali metal ions.
3. What are election deficient compounds? Discuss the bonding and structure of diborane.
4. Write a note on classification of carbides.
5. How do you prepare (a) Hydrazine  (b) Hydroxylamine in the laboratory? Indicate two chemical reactions for each.
6. Write the manufacture of (a) Superphosphate of lime  (b)  triple superphosphate.
7. Describe the preparation of Marshall’s acid by anodic oxidation of H₂SO₄. Write its structure.
8. Write a note on Psuedohalogens.
9. Discuss the structure of Oxoacids of halogens? What is their relative acid strength?
10. Derive Bragg’s equations.
11. Describe the structure of (a) zinc blende  (b)  wurtzite.
12. What are Frankel defects? Explain with two examples.

 

PART – C

Answer any TWO questions.                                                           (2 x 20 = 40 marks)

1. (a) Describe the extraction of Beryllium from its ore.                                    (5)

(b) Write a note on organometallic compounds of Li and Be.                       (5)

1.  What are silicates? How are they classified? Describe the structure of various types of silicates.
2. How do you prepare (a) Hyponitrous acid (b) Pernitric acid  (c)  Pyrophosphoric acid  (d) metaphosphoric acid.  (e)  dithionic acid?
3. a) How is ozone prepared? Describe its structure                                           (4)

1. b) State different types of oxides with one example each. (6)

1. a) Discuss the preparation and structure of

1. ICl (ii) BrF₃  (iii) BrF₅                                                   (6)
2. b) How do you estimate available chlorine in bleaching powder? (4)

1. (a) Discuss the structure of (i) Rutile (ii) Fluorite                                           (5)

(b) What are different crystal systems. Give an example for each.                (5)

 

 

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DB 08

LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

B.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION – CHEMISTRY

THIRD SEMESTER – November 2008

CH 3503 – MAIN GROUP ELEMENTS & SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY

 

 

 

Date : 08-11-08                     Dept. No.                                        Max. : 100 Marks

Time : 9:00 – 12:00

 

PART – A

 

Answer ALL questions.                                                                  (10 x 2 = 20 marks)

 

1. Lithium forms normal oxide while sodium forms peroxide. Account for.
2. When sodium is shaken with naphthalene in nonaqueous solution it turns paramagnetic. Why?
3. What is meant by catenation?
4. What are interstitial carbides?
5. Give the preparation of metaphosphoric acid.
6. How is hydroxylamine prepared?
7. Give the preparation of perchloric acid.
8. Iodine pentoxide is used to determine carbon monoxide. Why?
9. Distinguish between amorphous and crystalline solid.
10. What are Miller indices? Sketch the plane in a cube having Miller indices 110.

 

PART – B

 

Answer any EIGHT questions.                                                     (8 x 5 = 40 marks)

 

11. Explain the role of Na⁺ and K⁺ ions in biological system.
12. How does Beryllium differ from other elements of Group 2? Discuss the main points of difference.
13. How does tetraborane undergo symmetric and unsymmetrical cleavage? Give its structure.
14. What is Borax? How is it prepared?
15. How is nitric oxide prepared? How does it react with acidified potassium permanganate?
16. How is orthophosphoric acid prepared? Write its structure.
17. Give the preparation and two uses of thionyl chloride.
18. How is available chlorine in bleaching powder determined?
19. Explain the structures of ClF₃­ and BrF₅ using VSEPR theory.
20. Explain the structures of i. CsCl and ii. zinc blende.

21.Write the salient features of Schottky and Frenkel defects.

22. Derive the Bragg equation for the diffraction of X-rays by crystals.

 

PART – C

Answer any FOUR questions                                                       (4 x 10 = 40 marks)

 

23.a. How is beryllium extracted from beryl?                                                (6)

1. Give an account of hydroxides and halides of s block elements          (4)
2. Write a note on sheet silicates and three dimensional silicates.
3. a. How is ozone prepared? Establish its structure. (5)
4. Give the preparation and uses of hydrazoic acid. (5)
5. Write a note on acidic, basic amphoteric and neutral oxides.
6. a. What are pseudohalogens? (5)
7. Compare the reactivity of halogens. (5)

28.a. Describe the three types of cubic unit cells among the Bravais lattices. Calculate the number of atoms per unit cell in each case.                                                                      (6)

1. Explain the structure of sodium chloride. (4)

 

 

 

 

 

        LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

B.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION – CHEMISTRY

WD 11

THIRD SEMESTER – April 2009

CH 3503 – MAIN GROUP ELEMENTS & SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY

 

 

 

Date & Time: 05/05/2009 / 1:00 – 4:00  Dept. No.                                                    Max. : 100 Marks

 

 

 

PART – A                                                                              (10 x 2 = 20)

ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS

 

1. Why do group I elements have the lowest first ionization energy values ?
2. Write the structure of beryllium chloride in the gaseous and solid state.
3. Write the reaction of aluminum with dilute mineral acid.
4. How does diborane react with ammonia at different conditions ?
5. How is tripe super phosphate obtained ?
6. Write the structure of perdisulphuric acid.
7. Fluorine is the most reactive of all the elements. Why ?
8. What are pseudohalides ?  Give examples.
9. What are Miller indices ?
10. Define isotropy.

 

PART – B                                                                        (8 x 5 = 40)

ANSWER ANY EIGHT QUESTIONS

 

1. How lithium differs from the other group I elements ?
2. What are the uses of the compounds of group I elements ?
3. How are amorphous and crystalline boron extracted ?
4. What are the different types of silicates ?
5. How is hydroxylamine prepared ?  Write the reaction of it with HCl and H₂SO₄.  Mention its uses.
6. Draw the structures of phosphorous trioxide and pentoxide.
7. How is hydrazine prepared ? Give two of its reactions.
8. How is dichlorine monoxide prepared ?  Mention its reactions and structure.
9. Mention one method of preparation of a) HClO₃    b) HClO₄
10. Mention the different types of crystals.  Give one example each.
11. What is crystal defect ?  Explain one of it.
12. Draw and explain simple cubic, face centered cubic and body centered cubic system.

 

PART – C                                                                                    (4 x 10 = 40)

 

ANSWER ANY FOUR QUESTIONS

23. a) How is sodium metal extracted ?                                                              (5)
24. b) How beryllium differs from the other group II elements (5)
25. a) Write a note on the structure of borates.
26. b) Explain the different types of carbides
27. a) What are the different types of oxoacids of phosphorus ?

Draw their structures.                                                                                (2+4)

1. b) How are oxides classified ? Explain. (4)
2. a) Compare the properties of phosphorous trichloride and phosphorous penta

chloride.

1. b) Write the preparation and properties of nitric acid.
2. a)   What is an interhalogen compound ?  Mention their different types.  Give one

example of each.

1. b) Write the chemical properties of ClF, ClF₃    and  I F₇
2. a)  How is X-ray diffraction technique used in the study of crystals ?
3. b) Derive Bragg’s equation for diffraction of X-rays by crystals.

 

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LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

   B.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION – CHEMISTRY

THIRD SEMESTER – NOVEMBER 2010

CH 3503 – MAIN GROUP ELEMENTS & SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY

 

 

 

Date : 02-11-10                     Dept. No.                                        Max. : 100 Marks

Time : 9:00 – 12:00

PART – A

 

Answer ALL questions.                                                                                                (10 x 2 = 20 marks)

 

1. Why does the basic strength of hydroxides of alkali metals increase on moving down the group?
2. Beryllium and magnesium do not impart any colour to the flame. Why?
3. What is meant by catenation?
4. How does aluminium react with dilute mineral acids and strong alkali solutions?
5. How is carbon suboxide prepared?
6. Write the structure of caro’s acid.
7. Give the preparation of perchloric acid.
8. What are pseudohalogens? Give one example.
9. Represent (110) plane of cubic structure.
10. Calculate the relative sizes of the anions and cations required for a perfect fit of the cation into

the octahedral sites in a close packed anion array.

 

PART – B

 

Answer any EIGHT questions.                                                                                (8 x 5 = 40 marks)

 

11. Explain the role of Na⁺ and K⁺ ions in biological system.
12. Write briefly on anomalous behavior of lithium.
13. What is Borax? How is it prepared?
14. What are interstitial carbides? Explain with an example.
15. Write a note on sulphides of phosphorus.
16. Explain the preparation and structures of oxides of nitrogen.
17. How is orthophosphoric acid prepared? Write its structure.
18. How is available chlorine in bleaching powder estimated?
19. How are dichlorine monoxide and iodine pentoxide prepared?
20. Derive Bragg’s equation for X-ray diffraction.
21. Explain the crystal structure of fluorite.
22. How are seven solid systems, classified into Bravais lattices?

 

PART – C

Answer any FOUR questions                                                                                    (4 x 10 = 40 marks)

 

23. a) How is beryllium extracted from beryl? (6)
24.  b) Give an account of  hydroxides and halides of s block elements                                            (4)
25. Discuss the structures and properties of chain and sheet silicates.
26. a) Give the preparation and uses of hydrazoic acid. (5)
27.  b) How are superphosphate and triple superphosphate prepared?
28. a) How are oxides classified? Give an example for each type. (5)
29. b) Explain the structure of diborane. (5)
30. What are interhalogen compounds? How are they classified? Explain the structures of
    ClF₃ and IF₅.
31. a) Discuss (i) Frenkel defect and (ii) Schottky defect. (6)
32. b) What are Miller indices. (4)

 

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LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

B.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION – CHEMISTRY

THIRD SEMESTER – APRIL 2011

CH 3503/CH 4501 – MAIN GROUP ELEMENTS & SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY

 

 

 

Date : 25-04-2011              Dept. No.                                                  Max. : 100 Marks

Time : 1:00 – 4:00

 

PART –A

       Answer ALL questions.                                                                                      (10 x 2 = 20 marks)

 

1. Give the carbonates and bicarbonates of sodium. Mention their uses.
2. Explain the reaction of alkali metals with water with an example.
3. Define catenation.
4. Name any two types of glass. Give an example.
5. What is superphosphate of lime?
6. List the oxyacids of nitrogen and phosphorous.
7. Draw the structure of BrF₃.
8. What are pseudohalogens? Give an example
9. What are the coordination number of Na and Cl in Sodium Chloride?
10. What are Miller indices?

 

PART – B

 

Answer any EIGHT questions                                                                                   (8 x 5 = 40 marks)

 

11. Discuss the biological importance of alkali metals.
12. How is beryllium extracted from its ore?
13. Explain the reaction of Boron with oxygen?
14. Discuss the bonding in diborane.                                              (2 +3)
15. How are carbides classified?

15 Give the properties and uses of a) Phosphine   b) hydroxylamine.

16. Discuss the preparation and properties of Caro’s and Marshall’s acid.
17. Discuss the oxides of nitrogen.
18. How is available chlorine in bleaching powder determined?
19. Discuss the strength of oxoacids of halogens.
20. Explain the Schottky and Frenkel defects of crystals.

21 Explain limiting radius ratio. How is it used to determine the geometry of ionic crystals?

22. Draw the unit cells of sodium chloride and Zinc blende. Give their salient features.

 

 

PART –C

Answer any FOUR questions                                                                                    (4 x 10 = 40 marks)

 

23. Give a comparative account of oxides, hydroxides, and hydrides of alkali metals.
24. What are silicates? How are they classified?
25. Write a note on acidic, basic, amphoteric and neutral oxides.
26. a) How is ozone prepared? Discuss it structure and uses.
27. b) How does aluminum react with dilute HCl and NaOH solutions.
28. Discuss the structure of a.BrF₅ b. ClF₃     c. ICl   d. IF₃   using VSEPR theory.
29. How is X-ray diffraction technique used to study the structure of crystals?

 

 

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LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

B.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION – CHEMISTRY

THIRD SEMESTER – APRIL 2012

CH 3503 – MAIN GROUP ELEMENTS & SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY

 

 

 

Date : 26-04-2012              Dept. No.                                        Max. : 100 Marks

Time : 9:00 – 12:00

 

PART – A

 

Answer ALL questions:                                                                                  (10 x 2 = 20 marks)

 

1. When sodium is shaken with naphthalene in nonaqueous solution, it turns paramagnetic.

Why?

2. Explain why Mg(OH)₂ is a weaker base than NaOH.
3. What are fullerenes? How are they prepared?
4. What are aluminates?
5. How is sodium thiosulphate prepared?
6. Give the preparation of Caro’s acid.
7. What happens when dichlorine monoxide is dissolved in water?
8. What are pseudohalogens? Why are they called so?
9. Distinguish between amorphous and crystalline solids.
10. What are Miller indices? Sketch the plane in a cube having Miller indices 110.

 

PART – B

 

Answer any EIGHT questions:                                                                            (8 x 5 = 40 marks)

 

11. How are peroxides and superoxides formed by s block elements? Comment on their

magnetic properties.

12. How does Beryllium differ from other elements of Group 2? Discuss the main points of

difference.

13. How is ozone prepared? Establish its structure.
14. Apply Wade’s rules to B₄H₁₀ and predict the structure.
15. How is nitric oxide prepared? How does it react with acidified potassium permanganate?
16. Write a note on three dimensional silicates.
17. How is orthophosphoric acid prepared? Write its structure.
18. How is available chlorine in bleaching powder determined?
19. How are chlorine dioxide and iodine pentoxide prepared?
20. Draw the projection of unit cells of zinc blende and explain the salient features of its

structure.

21. Derive Bragg’s equation.
22. Write a note on Frenkel defects and its consequences.

 

 

PART – C

Answer any FOUR questions:                                                                             (4 x 10 = 40 marks)

 

23. What are carbides? How are they classified? Explain with an example for each class.
24. a) How are organometallic compounds of lithium prepared? Mention their synthetic

applications.                                                                                                                              (6)

1. b) What happens when alkali metal oxides react with water? How does the basic

strength of hydroxides of alkali metals vary down a group?                                             (4)

25. a) How are hydrazine and hydrazoic acid prepared?   (5)
26. b) Give a brief description of sulphides of phosphorus.                                                       (5)
27. a) Write briefly on bismuth trioxide and pentoxide.    (4)
28. b) Give a brief account of phosphatic fertilizers.                                                                     (6)
29. What are interhalogen compounds? How are they classified? Explain the structures

of ClF₃ and IF₅.

28. a) Describe any two types of cubic unit cells among the Bravais lattices. Calculate the

number of atoms per unit cell in each case.                                                                          (6)

1. b) Show that the limiting radius ratio for an octahedral site is 0.414.                              (4)

 

 

 

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LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

B.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION – CHEMISTRY

THIRD SEMESTER – NOVEMBER 2012

CH 3503/CH 4501 – MAIN GROUP ELEMENTS & SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY

 

 

 

Date : 05/11/2012             Dept. No.                                        Max. : 100 Marks

Time : 9:00 – 12:00

 

PART A

Answer ALL the questions:                                                                                                 (10×2=20)

 

1. Mention any two oxides of the alkali metals.
2. Explain the action of water on Na. Give the reaction.
3. What is hydro oration rraction?
4. Define catenation.
5. How is sodium bismuthate prepared? Mention its use.
6. List the oxyacids of nitrogen.
7. What are pseudohalogens?
8. Give the structure of BrF₃
9. If the radius ration is 0.85. Determine the coordination number and geometry of the crystal.
10. Draw the unit cell of C_s

PART B

Answer any EIGHT questions:                                                                                               (8×5=40)

 

11. Write briefly on crown ethers.
12. Discuss the preparation, Chemical properties and uses of hydrazine.
13. Explain the bonding of diborane.
14. Discuss the classification of carbides.
15. Explain limiting radius ration. How is it used to determine the geometry of the crystal?
16. Discuss the principle of X-ray diffraction.
17. The strength of the oxy acids of halogens are of the order HXO₄>HXO₃>HXO₂>HOX. Give reason.
18. How are the following prepared? Give the Chemical reaction involved.
19. Chlorine dioxide b) Oxygen difluoride              c) Iodine pentoxide
20. What is superphosphate of lime? Give its preparation.
21. Write a brief note on the organomettalic compounds of Li and Be.
22. What is borax bead test? Explain.
23. a) List the oxyacids of phosphorous.
24. Write briefly on sulphides of phosphorous.

PART C

Answer any FOUR questions:                                                                                             (4×10=40)

 

23. What are silicates? Discuss the classification with an example each.
24. Give a comparative account of the oxides, carbonates, hydroxides and halides of alkali metals.
25. What are crystal defects? Discuss the Schottky and Frenkel defects of crystals.
26. How are oxides classified? Explain giving an example each.
27. Discuss the crystal structure of sodium chloride and Zinc sulphide.
28. How is available chlorine in bleaching powder estimated? Explain.

 

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